< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kweman
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Alternative forms
- *kwuman, *kuman (late)
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *kwemaną.
Verb
*kweman[1]
- to come
Inflection
| Strong class 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *kweman | |
| 1st sg. past | *kwam | |
| 3rd pl. past | *kwāmun | |
| Past ptcple | *kuman, *koman | |
| Infinitive | *kweman | |
| Genitive infin. | *kwemannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *kwemannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *kwemannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kwemu | *kwam |
| 2nd singular | *kwimiʀi | *kwāmī |
| 3rd singular | *kwimidi | *kwam |
| 1st plural | *kwemum | *kwāmum |
| 2nd plural | *kwimid | *kwāmud |
| 3rd plural | *kwemand | *kwāmun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kwemē | *kwāmī |
| 2nd singular | *kwemēs | *kwāmī |
| 3rd singular | *kwemē | *kwāmī |
| 1st plural | *kwemēm | *kwāmīm |
| 2nd plural | *kwemēþ | *kwāmīd |
| 3rd plural | *kwemēn | *kwāmīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *kwem | |
| Plural | *kwimid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *kwemandī | *kuman, *koman |
Descendants
- Old English: cuman
- Middle English: comen, cumen
- English: come
- Scots: cum
- Yola: coome, come, cum
- Middle English: comen, cumen
- Old Frisian: koma
- North Frisian:
- Mooring: kaame
- Föhr-Amrum: kem
- Saterland Frisian: kume
- West Frisian: komme
- North Frisian:
- Old Saxon: kuman, queman, cuman
- Middle Low German: kōmen, kommen, kamen
- Low German: kamen
- Dutch Low Saxon: kommen, kåmen
- German Low German: komen
- Plautdietsch: kome
- Low German: kamen
- Middle Low German: kōmen, kommen, kamen
- Old Dutch: cuman
- Middle Dutch: cōmen
- Dutch: komen, kommen
- Afrikaans: kom
- Berbice Creole Dutch: kumu
- Javindo: kom
- Jersey Dutch: kôme
- Negerhollands: kom
- Skepi Creole Dutch: kum, com, come
- Limburgish: kómme
- Dutch: komen, kommen
- Middle Dutch: cōmen
- Old High German: kweman, queman, chueman, kuman, cuman, chuman
- Middle High German: quemen, kemen, kümen, kumen, komen
- Alemannic German: choo, cho, cha
- Italian Walser: cheemen, cheme, cho, chomu, chéeme
- Bavarian:
- Cimbrian: khemmen, khèmman, ken
- Mòcheno: kemmen
- Udinese: ckeman, kèmmin, khemen
- Central Franconian: komme, kumme; kun, kunn, konn, kunn, kuun, konn; kumme; komme
- Hunsrik: komme
- German: kommen
- Luxembourgish: kommen
- Rhine Franconian:
- Pennsylvania German: kumme
- Yiddish: קומען (kumen)
- Alemannic German: choo, cho, cha
- Middle High German: quemen, kemen, kümen, kumen, komen
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 107: “*kweman”