< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/krummijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Closely related to the strong verb *krimman.
Verb
*krummijan
- to crumble
- to squeeze
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *krummijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *krummidā | |
| Infinitive | *krummijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *krummijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *krummijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *krummijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *krummiju | *krummidā |
| 2nd singular | *krummisi | *krummidēs, *krummidōs |
| 3rd singular | *krummiþi | *krummidē, *krummidā |
| 1st plural | *krummijum | *krummidum |
| 2nd plural | *krummiþ | *krummidud |
| 3rd plural | *krummijanþ | *krummidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *krummijē | *krummidī |
| 2nd singular | *krummijēs | *krummidī |
| 3rd singular | *krummijē | *krummidī |
| 1st plural | *krummijēm | *krummidīm |
| 2nd plural | *krummijēþ | *krummidīd |
| 3rd plural | *krummijēn | *krummidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *krummi | |
| Plural | *krummiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *krummijandī | *krummid |
Alternative reconstructions
- *krummjan
Descendants
- Old English: crymman
- Middle English: crimen
- Old High German: *krummen
- Middle High German: krümmen
- >? German: krümmen ( If not derived from krumm instead)
- Middle High German: krümmen
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*krimman-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 305: “*krum(m)jan-”