< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kraftijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *kraftu (“strength”) + *-jan.
Verb
*kraftijan
- to strengthen, to make stronger
- to build, to construct
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *kraftijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *kraftidā | |
| Infinitive | *kraftijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *kraftijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *kraftijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *kraftijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kraftiju | *kraftidā |
| 2nd singular | *kraftisi | *kraftidēs, *kraftidōs |
| 3rd singular | *kraftiþi | *kraftidē, *kraftidā |
| 1st plural | *kraftijum | *kraftidum |
| 2nd plural | *kraftiþ | *kraftidud |
| 3rd plural | *kraftijanþ | *kraftidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kraftijē | *kraftidī |
| 2nd singular | *kraftijēs | *kraftidī |
| 3rd singular | *kraftijē | *kraftidī |
| 1st plural | *kraftijēm | *kraftidīm |
| 2nd plural | *kraftijēþ | *kraftidīd |
| 3rd plural | *kraftijēn | *kraftidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *krafti | |
| Plural | *kraftiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *kraftijandī | *kraftid |
Descendants
- Old English: cræftan
- Middle English: craften, creften
- English: craft
- Middle English: craften, creften
- Old Frisian: krefta
- Old Saxon: *kreftian
- Middle Low German: kreften
- Old High German: kreften
- Middle High German: kreften
- German: kräften
- Middle High German: kreften