< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kapēn
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
*kapēn[1]
- to look, to watch, to stare
Inflection
| Class 3 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *kapēn | |
| Infinitive | *kapēn | |
| Genitive infin. | *kapēnijas | |
| Dative infin. | *kapēnijē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *kapēniju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kapē | *kap?dā |
| 2nd singular | *kapēs | *kap?dēs, *kap?dēs |
| 3rd singular | *kapēþ | *kap?dē, *kap?dā |
| 1st plural | *kapēm | *kap?dum |
| 2nd plural | *kapēþ | *kap?dud |
| 3rd plural | *kapēnþ | *kap?dun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *kapē | *kap?dī |
| 2nd singular | *kapēs | *kap?dī |
| 3rd singular | *kapē | *kap?dī |
| 1st plural | *kapēm | *kap?dīm |
| 2nd plural | *kapēþ | *kap?dīd |
| 3rd plural | *kapēn | *kap?dīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *kapē | |
| Plural | *kapēþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *kapēndī | *kap?d |
Descendants
- Old English: capian
- Middle English: capen
- English: cape
- Middle English: capen
- Old Saxon: kapen, kapōn
- Middle Low German: kāpen, kāpen; *kēpen > kēpere (?)
- German Low German: gapen
- Middle Low German: kāpen, kāpen; *kēpen > kēpere (?)
- Old Dutch: capen (in compound)
- Middle Dutch: capen, kapen; kēpen > kēper (?)
- (Dutch: kippig)
- Middle Dutch: capen, kapen; kēpen > kēper (?)
- Old High German: chaphēn, chapfēn, kapfēn; kepfen (in compound)
- Middle High German: kapfen, kaffen, gaffen
- German: kapfen (obsolete)
- Middle High German: kapfen, kaffen, gaffen
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 191: “PWGmc *kapē-”