< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/ik
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ek.
Pronoun
*ik[1]
- I
Inflection
Proto-West Germanic personal pronouns
singular | first person | second person | reflexive |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *ik | *þū | - |
accusative | *mik | *þik | *sik |
dative | *miʀ | *þiʀ | |
possessive | *mīn | *þīn | *sīn |
dual | first person | second person | reflexive |
nominative | *wit | *jit | - |
accusative | *unk | *inkw | *sik |
dative | |||
possessive | *unkar | *inkwar | *sīn |
plural | first person | second person | reflexive |
nominative | *wiʀ | *jiʀ | - |
accusative | *uns | *iwwi | *sik |
dative | |||
possessive | *unsar | *iuwar | *sīn |
Descendants
- Old English: iċ, ih, iċċ
- Southern Middle English: ich
- English: ich (obsolete since 19th century)
- Yola: ich (revived)
- Northern Middle English: ik
- Scots: ik (rare)
- Later Middle English: I
- English: I
- Scots: A, I
- Southern Middle English: ich
- Old Frisian: ik
- North Frisian: ick, ik
- Saterland Frisian: iek
- West Frisian: ik
- Old Saxon: ik
- Middle Low German: ik, ek
- German Low German: ik
- Middle Low German: ik, ek
- Old Dutch: ik, ic
- Middle Dutch: ic, icke
- Dutch: ik
- Afrikaans: ek
- Berbice Creole Dutch: eke
- Jersey Dutch: äk
- Petjo: ik
- Skepi Creole Dutch: ek
- Dutch: ik
- Middle Dutch: ic, icke
- Old High German: ih
- Middle High German: ich
- Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
- Sensler: [iː][2]
- Swabian: i
- Sathmar Swabian: i
- Bavarian: i
- Cimbrian: ich (Setti Comuni); i (Luserna)
- Gottscheerish: iχ, ī, i (unstressed); iχχe (emphatic)
- Mòcheno: i
- Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
- Hunsrückisch: äijsch
- Hunsrik: ich [ɪç][3]
- Britten: [æɪ̯ʃ], [ɪʃ][4]
- Kölsch: ich[5]
- Hunsrückisch: äijsch
- East Central German:
- Erzgebirgisch: iech
- Silesian German: iech
- Upper Saxon: isch, ische
- East Franconian: i, iech
- German: ich
- Luxembourgish: ech
- Rhine Franconian:
- Hessian: aisch
- Pennsylvania German: ich [ɪç][6]
- Vilamovian: ych
- Yiddish: איך (ikh), ich (ich)
- Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
- → Limburgish: ich, iech, ik; iich; ech
- Middle High German: ich
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*(ek ~) ik”
- Schmutz, Christian; Haas, Walter. (2004). Senslerdeutsches Wörterbuch. 2nd edition, Freiburg: Paulusverlag.
- Altenhofen, Cléo Vilson. (1996). Hunsrückisch in Rio Grande do Sul: Ein Beitrag zur Beschreibung einer deutschbrasilianischen Dialektvarietät im Kontakt mit dem Portugiesischen. (Mainzer Studien zur Sprach- und Volksforschung 21.) Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag.
- "ich". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.
- Online-Wörterbuch der Akademie för uns kölsche Sproch, Stichwort »ich« (URL).
- Kelz, Heinrich P. (1971). Phonologische Analyse des Pennsylvaniadeutschen. Hamburg: Buske.