< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwarbijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *hwarbijaną.
Verb
*hwarbijan
- to (cause to) turn
- to (cause to) change
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *hwarbijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *hwarbidā | |
| Infinitive | *hwarbijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *hwarbijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *hwarbijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *hwarbijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *hwarbiju | *hwarbidā |
| 2nd singular | *hwarbisi | *hwarbidēs, *hwarbidōs |
| 3rd singular | *hwarbiþi | *hwarbidē, *hwarbidā |
| 1st plural | *hwarbijum | *hwarbidum |
| 2nd plural | *hwarbiþ | *hwarbidud |
| 3rd plural | *hwarbijanþ | *hwarbidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *hwarbijē | *hwarbidī |
| 2nd singular | *hwarbijēs | *hwarbidī |
| 3rd singular | *hwarbijē | *hwarbidī |
| 1st plural | *hwarbijēm | *hwarbidīm |
| 2nd plural | *hwarbijēþ | *hwarbidīd |
| 3rd plural | *hwarbijēn | *hwarbidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *hwarbi | |
| Plural | *hwarbiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *hwarbijandī | *hwarbid |
Related terms
- *hwerban
Descendants
- Old English: hwierfan
- Old Saxon: hwerbian
- Old High German: werban