< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/harm
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *harmaz.
Adjective
*harm
- painful
Inflection
| a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | ||
| Nominative | *harm | ||
| Genitive | *harmas | ||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *harm | *harmu | *harm |
| Accusative | *harmanā | *harmā | *harm |
| Genitive | *harmas | *harmeʀā | *harmas |
| Dative | *harmumē | *harmeʀē | *harmumē |
| Instrumental | *harmu | *harmeʀu | *harmu |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *harmē | *harmō | *harmu |
| Accusative | *harmā | *harmā | *harmu |
| Genitive | *harmeʀō | *harmeʀō | *harmeʀō |
| Dative | *harmēm, *harmum | *harmēm, *harmum | *harmēm, *harmum |
| Instrumental | *harmēm, *harmum | *harmēm, *harmum | *harmēm, *harmum |
Descendants
- Old English: hearm
- Old Saxon: harm
- Middle Low German: *harm (possibly)
- → Old Danish: harm
- Danish: harm
- → Norwegian: harm
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *harmaz.
Noun
*harm m
- pain, harm
Inflection
| Masculine a-stem | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | ||
| Nominative | *harm | |
| Genitive | *harmas | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *harm | *harmō, *harmōs |
| Accusative | *harm | *harmā |
| Genitive | *harmas | *harmō |
| Dative | *harmē | *harmum |
| Instrumental | *harmu | *harmum |
Derived terms
- *harmēn
Descendants
- Old English: hearm
- Middle English: herm, harm
- English: harm
- Scots: herm, hairm
- Middle English: herm, harm
- Old Frisian: herm (in compounds)
- Old Saxon: harm
- Middle Low German: harm, herm
- Old Dutch: *harm
- Old High German: harm, haram
- Middle High German: harm
- German: Harm
- Middle High German: harm