Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hamiþī

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hamiþiją.

Noun

*hamiþī n[1]

shirt

Inflection

Neuter ja-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*hamiþī
Genitive	*hamiþijas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*hamiþī	*hamiþiju
Accusative	*hamiþī	*hamiþiju
Genitive	*hamiþijas	*hamiþijō
Dative	*hamiþijē	*hamiþijum
Instrumental	*hamiþiju	*hamiþijum

Descendants

Old English: hemeþe
Old Frisian: hemethe, hamethe, hamed
- Saterland Frisian: Hamend
  - Saterland Frisian: Hoamd
- West Frisian: himd
Old Saxon: hemithi
- Middle Low German: hēmede, hemmede, hemet, heemde
  - German Low German: Hemd
  - Low German: hemd, hemde
  - Plautdietsch: Hamd
Old Dutch: *hemithi
- Middle Dutch: hēmede, hemde
  - Dutch: hemd
    - Afrikaans: hemp
      - → Fanagalo: hemp
      - → Northern Sotho: hempe
      - → Phuthi: ihhempe
      - → Shona: hembe
      - → Sotho: hempe
      - → Southern Ndebele: irhembe
      - → Tswana: hêmpê
      - → Venda: hemmbe
      - → Xhosa: ihempe
      - → Zulu: ihembe
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: hemdu
    - Jersey Dutch: häämt
    - Negerhollands: hemmede, hemmete, hemete
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: hemde
    - → Arawak: hemede
    - → Indonesian: hem (“shirt”)
    - → Mahican: hámed
    - → Munsee: héemput
    - → Sranan Tongo: empi
      - → Aukan: impi
      - → Caribbean Javanese: èmpi
      - → Galibi Carib: empi
      - → Saramaccan: hémpi
    - → Unami: hèmpës
    - → West Frisian: himd
Old High German: hemidi
- Middle High German: hemede, hemde
  - Central Franconian: Hemb, Himb, Himd
  - German: Hemd
  - Luxembourgish: Hiem
  - Yiddish: העמד‎ (hemd)
→ Gaulish:
- → Latin: camisia; camisa
  - Old French: camise, chamisae
    - Middle French: chemise
      - French: chemise
        → English: chemise, shimmy
    - → Middle English: camis, camise, camus, camese
  - Occitan: camisa
  - Italian: camicia
  - Spanish: camisa
  - Galician: camisa
  - Portuguese: camisa
  - Romanian: cămașă
  - → Old English: cemes
    - Middle English: kemes
  - → Arabic: قميص‎ (qamīṣ)
    - Maltese: qmis
    - → Bengali: কামিজ (kamij)
      - → Bodo (India): कामिज
    - → Hindi: क़मीज़ (qamīz)
    - → Marathi: कमीज (kamīj)
    - → Nepali: कमिज (kamij)
  - → Old Czech: komžě
    - → Polish: komża
- → Old Irish: caimse

References

Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 229: “PWGmc *hamiþī”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 229: “PWGmc *hamiþī”