< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gulþīn
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *gulþīnaz. Equivalent to *golþ (“gold”) + *-īn.
Adjective
*gulþīn[1]
- golden
Inflection
| a-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | ||
| Nominative | *gulþīn | ||
| Genitive | *gulþīnas | ||
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *gulþīn | *gulþīnu | *gulþīn |
| Accusative | *gulþīnanā | *gulþīnā | *gulþīn |
| Genitive | *gulþīnas | *gulþīneʀā | *gulþīnas |
| Dative | *gulþīnumē | *gulþīneʀē | *gulþīnumē |
| Instrumental | *gulþīnu | *gulþīneʀu | *gulþīnu |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *gulþīnē | *gulþīnō | *gulþīnu |
| Accusative | *gulþīnā | *gulþīnā | *gulþīnu |
| Genitive | *gulþīneʀō | *gulþīneʀō | *gulþīneʀō |
| Dative | *gulþīnēm, *gulþīnum | *gulþīnēm, *gulþīnum | *gulþīnēm, *gulþīnum |
| Instrumental | *gulþīnēm, *gulþīnum | *gulþīnēm, *gulþīnum | *gulþīnēm, *gulþīnum |
Descendants
- Old English: gylden
- Middle English: gilden, gylden
- English: gilden (archaic), golden (after gold)
- Middle English: gilden, gylden
- Old Frisian: gelden, golden, gulden
- Saterland Frisian: goulden
- West Frisian: gouden
- Old Saxon: guldīn
- Middle Low German:
- Plautdietsch: golden
- Middle Low German:
- Old Dutch: guldīn
- Middle Dutch: golden, gulden
- Dutch: gouden, gulden
- Middle Dutch: golden, gulden
- Old High German: guldīn
- Middle High German: guldīn, güldīn, gulden
- Cimbrian: güllan
- German: gülden (archaic), golden (after Gold), Gulden (noun)
- Luxembourgish: gëllen
- Middle High German: guldīn, güldīn, gulden
References
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 156: “PWGmc *gulþīn”