Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grimm

< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/grimm

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *grimmaz.

Adjective

*grimm[1]

1. grim, angry

Inflection

a-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*grimm	*grimmu	*grimm
Accusative	*grimmanā	*grimmā	*grimm
Genitive	*grimmas	*grimmeʀā	*grimmas
Dative	*grimmumē	*grimmeʀē	*grimmumē
Instrumental	*grimmu	*grimmeʀu	*grimmu
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*grimmē	*grimmō	*grimmu
Accusative	*grimmā	*grimmā	*grimmu
Genitive	*grimmeʀō	*grimmeʀō	*grimmeʀō
Dative	*grimmēm, *grimmum	*grimmēm, *grimmum	*grimmēm, *grimmum
Instrumental	*grimmēm, *grimmum	*grimmēm, *grimmum	*grimmēm, *grimmum

Derived terms

• *grimmisōn

Descendants

• Old English: grimm, grim
  • Middle English: grim
    • Scots: grim
    • English: grim
• Old Frisian: grimm, grim
  • Saterland Frisian: grimm
• Old Saxon: grim
  • Middle Low German: grim
    • German Low German: grimm
• Old Dutch: grim
  • Middle Dutch: grim
    • Dutch: grim
• Old High German: grim
  • Middle High German: grim, grimme
    • German: grimm (archaic)

References

1. Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 130: “PWGmc *grimm”