Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/glad

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gladaz.

Adjective

*glad[1]

shining, shiny, radiant
bright, cheery, cheerful
glossy, sleek, smooth

Inflection

a-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*glad
Genitive	*gladas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*glad	*gladu	*glad
Accusative	*gladanā	*gladā	*glad
Genitive	*gladas	*gladeʀā	*gladas
Dative	*gladumē	*gladeʀē	*gladumē
Instrumental	*gladu	*gladeʀu	*gladu
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*gladē	*gladō	*gladu
Accusative	*gladā	*gladā	*gladu
Genitive	*gladeʀō	*gladeʀō	*gladeʀō
Dative	gladēm, gladum	gladēm, gladum	gladēm, gladum
Instrumental	gladēm, gladum	gladēm, gladum	gladēm, gladum

Derived terms

*gladōn

Descendants

Old English: glæd
- Middle English: glad, gled
  - Scots: gled, glaid
  - English: glad
Old Frisian: gled
- Saterland Frisian: glääd
- West Frisian: glêd
Old Saxon: glad
- Middle Low German: glad, glat
  - Low German: glad, glatt
  - Plautdietsch: glaut
Old Dutch: *glad, *glat
- Middle Dutch: glat
  - Dutch: glad
    - Afrikaans: glad
Old High German: glat
- Middle High German: glat
  - German: glatt
    - → Danish: glat
    - → Swedish: glatt
    - → Norwegian: glatt
    - → Esperanto: glata
      - Ido: glata
  - Luxembourgish: glat
  - Vilamovian: głōt
  - Yiddish: גלאַט‎ (glat)

References

Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 194: “PWGmc *glad”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 194: “PWGmc *glad”