Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/gaiʀ

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *gaizaz.

Noun

*gaiʀ m[1]

spear

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*gaiʀ
Genitive	*gaiʀas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*gaiʀ	gaiʀō, gaiʀōs
Accusative	*gaiʀ	*gaiʀā
Genitive	*gaiʀas	*gaiʀō
Dative	*gaiʀē	*gaiʀum
Instrumental	*gaiʀu	*gaiʀum

Descendants

Old English: gār
- Middle English: gar, gare, gere, gore
  - English: gore (dialectal), gar
  - → Middle English: garfysche
    - English: garfish
    - Scots: gairfish
Old Frisian: *gār, gēr
- West Frisian: gear (in compounds)
Old Saxon: gēr
- Westphalian:
  Westmünsterländisch: Geere, Geer
Old Dutch: *gēr
- Middle Dutch: gêer
  - Dutch: geer
Old High German: gēr
- Middle High German: gēr
  - German: Ger
- → Italian: gherone

References

Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 86: “PWGmc *gaiz”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 86: “PWGmc *gaiz”