< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/fōlijan
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Unknown; presumably related to Old Norse falma (“to grope, feel; to be astonished”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *fōlijaną,[1][2] secondary causative of strong verb *falaną, perhaps from either Proto-Indo-European *pólh₁-e ~ *pl̥h₁-ḗr or *ph₁l-é-ti, from *pelh₁- (“to stroke”). Possibly cognate with Latin palpō (“to stroke, soothe”), Ancient Greek πάλλω (pállō, “to sway, swing”), ψηλᾰφᾰ́ω (psēlapháō, “to feel, grope for”).[3]
Verb
*fōlijan[4][3]
- (West Germanic) to feel
- (West Germanic) to taste
Inflection
Class 1 weak | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | *fōlijan | |
1st sg. past | *fōlidā | |
Infinitive | *fōlijan | |
Genitive infin. | *fōlijannjas | |
Dative infin. | *fōlijannjē | |
Instrum. infin. | *fōlijannju | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | *fōliju | *fōlidā |
2nd singular | *fōlisi | *fōlidēs, *fōlidōs |
3rd singular | *fōliþi | *fōlidē, *fōlidā |
1st plural | *fōlijum | *fōlidum |
2nd plural | *fōliþ | *fōlidud |
3rd plural | *fōlijanþ | *fōlidun |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | *fōlijē | *fōlidī |
2nd singular | *fōlijēs | *fōlidī |
3rd singular | *fōlijē | *fōlidī |
1st plural | *fōlijēm | *fōlidīm |
2nd plural | *fōlijēþ | *fōlidīd |
3rd plural | *fōlijēn | *fōlidīn |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | *fōli | |
Plural | *fōliþ | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | *fōlijandī | *fōlid |
Descendants
- Old English: fēlan, fœ̄lan
- Middle English: felen
- English: feel
- Scots: fele
- Middle English: felen
- Old Frisian: fēla
- North Frisian: feel
- Saterland Frisian: fäile
- West Frisian: fiele
- Old Saxon: *fōlian
- Middle Low German: vôlen, völen
- German Low German: föhlen
- → Norwegian: føle
- → Danish: føle
- Middle Low German: vôlen, völen
- Old Dutch: *fuolen
- Middle Dutch: voelen
- Dutch: voelen
- Afrikaans: voel
- Berbice Creole Dutch: fulu
- Negerhollands: voel, ful
- Limburgish: vuuele, veule
- Dutch: voelen
- Middle Dutch: voelen
- Old High German: fuolen, fuoljan, fuolōn
- Middle High German: vüelen
- Central Franconian: föhle, vöhle, fehle, fiehle
- Cimbrian: füulan
- German: fühlen
- Luxembourgish: fillen
- Middle High German: vüelen
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*fōlijan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 150-151
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*fōljanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 109
- Boutkan, Dirk; Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005), “fela 1”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 103: “*fōlijanaN (P(W)Gmc.)”
- Friedrich Kluge (1989), “fühlen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 235: “wg. *fōl-ija-”