Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/erþapplu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Alternative forms

*erþuapplu

Etymology

From *erþu +‎ *applu.

Noun

*erþapplu m

gourd, melon, squash

Inflection

u-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*erþapplu
Genitive	*erþapplō
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*erþapplu	erþappliwi, erþapplō
Accusative	*erþapplu	*erþapplū
Genitive	*erþapplō	*erþappliwō
Dative	erþappliwi, erþapplō	*erþapplum
Instrumental	*erþapplu	*erþapplum

Descendants

Old English: eorþæppel
Old Frisian: *erthappel, *irthappel
- West Frisian: ierdappel, ierappel, ierpel, jirpel
Old Saxon: *erthappul, *erthappel
- Middle Low German: ērdeappel, ērtappel, ērdappel
  - → Danish: jordæble (calque)
  - → Swedish: jordäpple (calque) (dialectal)
Old Dutch: *erthappel
- Middle Dutch: *āerdappel
  - Dutch: aardappel, eerdappel (dialectal), erpel (dialectal)
Old High German: erdapful, erdaphul
- Middle High German: ertapfel, erdapfel, ertöpfel, erdöpfel, ertaphel
  - German: Erdapfel
    - → English: earthapple (calque)