Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dūkan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *dūkaną.

Verb

*dūkan

to duck, to dive under

Inflection

Strong class 2
Infinitive	*dūkan
1st sg. past	*dauk
3rd pl. past	*dukun
Past ptcple	*dokan
Infinitive	*dūkan
Genitive infin.	*dūkannjas
Dative infin.	*dūkannjē
Instrum. infin.	*dūkannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*dūku	*dauk
2nd singular	*dūkiʀi	*dukī
3rd singular	*dūkidi	*dauk
1st plural	*dūkum	*dukum
2nd plural	*dūkid	*dukud
3rd plural	*dūkand	*dukun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*dūkē	*dukī
2nd singular	*dūkēs	*dukī
3rd singular	*dūkē	*dukī
1st plural	*dūkēm	*dukīm
2nd plural	*dūkēþ	*dukīd
3rd plural	*dūkēn	*dukīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*dūk
Plural	*dūkid
	Present	Past
Participle	*dūkandī	*dokan

Descendants

Old English: *dūcan
- Middle English: duken, douken
  - Scots: douk, dook
  - English: duck
Old Frisian: *dūka
- Saterland Frisian: duukje
- West Frisian: dûke
Old Saxon: *dūkan
- Middle Low German: dūken
  - Low German: duken
  - → Swedish: dyka, duka
  - → Westrobothnian: dūk, däik
Old Dutch: *dūcan
- Middle Dutch: duken
  - Dutch: duiken
  - Limburgish: duke
Old High German: tūhhan, tūchan
- Middle High German: tūchen
  - German: tauchen
  - Luxembourgish: dauchen