Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dur

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *durz.

Noun

*dur f

door, hatch, flap

Reconstruction notes

No West Germanic language preserves the consonant stem inflection intact, descendants variously reflect a u-stem and an i-stem. Old Norse however reflects a consonant stem plurale tantum, which is likely the source of the i-stem inflection in Old High German and Old Dutch. Old English and Old Saxon show a u-stem noun, which can derive from the original accusative singular and dative plural.

Inflection

Consonant stem
	Singular
Nominative	*dur
Genitive	*duri
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*dur	*duri
Accusative	*duru	*duri
Genitive	*duri	*durō
Dative	*duri	*durum
Instrumental	*duri	*durum

Related terms

*dor

Descendants

Old English: duru, doru
- Middle English: dore, doire, dure, dur
  - English: door
  - Scots: dure, dur
  - Yola: dher
Old Frisian: dure, dore
- Saterland Frisian: Doore
- West Frisian: doar
Old Saxon: duru
- Middle Low German: dȫr, dȫre
  - Low German:
    - German Low German:
      Hamburgisch: Dör
      Westphalian:
      Westmünsterländisch: Dööre, Döör
  - Plautdietsch: Däa
Old Dutch: duri
- Middle Dutch: dōre, duere, dure
  - Dutch: deur
Old High German: turi
- Middle High German: türe
  - Alemannic German: Tüür, Tiire, Dire
  - Bavarian: Dia
    Cimbrian: tür
    Mòcheno: tir
  - Central Franconian: Dür, Diar
    Kölsch: Dör, Dür
  - East Central German: Thüa(r) (Egerländisch)
    Upper Saxon: Düre
  - German: Tür, Türe
  - Luxembourgish: Dier
  - Rhine Franconian:
    Palatine German: Deer
    Pennsylvania German: Dier
  - Yiddish: טיר‎ (tir)