< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/dumbēn
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *dumb (“dumb, mute”) + *-ēn.
Verb
*dumbēn
- to be / become silent
- to act foolishly
Inflection
| Class 3 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *dumbēn | |
| 1st sg. past | *dumb?dā | |
| Infinitive | *dumbēn | |
| Genitive infin. | *dumbēnijas | |
| Dative infin. | *dumbēnijē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *dumbēniju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *dumbē | *dumb?dā |
| 2nd singular | *dumbēs | *dumb?dēs, *dumb?dēs |
| 3rd singular | *dumbēþ | *dumb?dē, *dumb?dā |
| 1st plural | *dumbēm | *dumb?dum |
| 2nd plural | *dumbēþ | *dumb?dud |
| 3rd plural | *dumbēnþ | *dumb?dun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *dumbē | *dumb?dī |
| 2nd singular | *dumbēs | *dumb?dī |
| 3rd singular | *dumbē | *dumb?dī |
| 1st plural | *dumbēm | *dumb?dīm |
| 2nd plural | *dumbēþ | *dumb?dīd |
| 3rd plural | *dumbēn | *dumb?dīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *dumbē | |
| Plural | *dumbēþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *dumbēndī | *dumb?d |
Descendants
- Old English: *dumbian
- Middle English: dumben, doumben
- English: dumb
- ⇒ Old English: ādumbian
- Middle English: dumben, doumben
- Old Dutch: *dummon
- Middle Dutch: dommen
- Old High German: tumbēn, tumbōn
- Middle High German: tumben, tummen