< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/daʀēn
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From *daʀ, *das (“dizzy”) + *-ēn.
Verb
*daʀēn
- to be numbed, still
Inflection
Class 3 weak | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | *daʀēn | |
1st sg. past | *daʀ?dā | |
Infinitive | *daʀēn | |
Genitive infin. | *daʀēnijas | |
Dative infin. | *daʀēnijē | |
Instrum. infin. | *daʀēniju | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | *daʀē | *daʀ?dā |
2nd singular | *daʀēs | *daʀ?dēs, *daʀ?dēs |
3rd singular | *daʀēþ | *daʀ?dē, *daʀ?dā |
1st plural | *daʀēm | *daʀ?dum |
2nd plural | *daʀēþ | *daʀ?dud |
3rd plural | *daʀēnþ | *daʀ?dun |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | *daʀē | *daʀ?dī |
2nd singular | *daʀēs | *daʀ?dī |
3rd singular | *daʀē | *daʀ?dī |
1st plural | *daʀēm | *daʀ?dīm |
2nd plural | *daʀēþ | *daʀ?dīd |
3rd plural | *daʀēn | *daʀ?dīn |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | *daʀē | |
Plural | *daʀēþ | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | *daʀēndī | *daʀ?d |
Derived terms
- *bidaʀēn
- Old Frisian: *bidaria
- West Frisian: bedarje, bedaarje
- Old Saxon: *bidaron
- Middle Low German: *bedaren
- German Low German: bedaren
- Middle Low German: *bedaren
- Old Dutch: *bidaron
- Middle Dutch: bedāren
- Dutch: bedaren
- West Flemish: verdaren
- → Danish: bedare, bedage
- → Norwegian: bedage
- → Swedish: bedarra
- Middle Dutch: bedāren
- Old Frisian: *bidaria
Descendants
- Old English: darian
- Middle English: daren
Further reading
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*dazēn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 89-90