Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/darnī

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown;[1] suggested to be related to *derk (“dirty, dark”) and perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold, support”).[2]

Adjective

*darnī[3][1]

hidden, concealed
secret

Inflection

ja-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*darnī
Genitive	*darnijas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*darnī	*darniju	*darnī
Accusative	*darnijanā	*darnijā	*darnī
Genitive	*darnijas	*darnijeʀā	*darnijas
Dative	*darnijumē	*darnijeʀē	*darnijumē
Instrumental	*darniju	*darnijeʀu	*darniju
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*darnijē	*darnijō	*darniju
Accusative	*darnijā	*darnijā	*darniju
Genitive	*darnijeʀō	*darnijeʀō	*darnijeʀō
Dative	darnijēm, darnijum	darnijēm, darnijum	darnijēm, darnijum
Instrumental	darnijēm, darnijum	darnijēm, darnijum	darnijēm, darnijum

Derived terms

*darnijan
*darnō
- Old Saxon: darno

Descendants

Old English: dierne, derne, dyrne
- Middle English: derne, darne, durne
  - English: dern, dearn, darn
  - Scots: dern, darn
Old Frisian: *dern
- ⇒ Old Frisian: dernfiā
- ⇒ Old Frisian: dernlendenge
- ⇒ Old Frisian: dernsōne
Old Saxon: derni, derni
Old High German: tarni
→ Old French: *terne[4]
- Middle French: terne
  - French: terne

References

Friedrich Kluge (1989), “tarnen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 721: “wg. *darnja-”
Pokorny, Julius (1959), “2. dher-, dherə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 252-255
Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 242: “PWGmc *darnī”
Bratchet, A. (1873), “TERNE”, in , Kitchin, G. W., transl., Etymological dictionary of the French language (Clarendon Press Series), 1st edition, London: Oxford/MacMillan and Co., page 382b

[EWddS-1] Friedrich Kluge (1989), “tarnen”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 721: “wg. *darnja-”

[2] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “2. dher-, dherə-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 252-255

[3] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 242: “PWGmc *darnī”

[4] Bratchet, A. (1873), “TERNE”, in , Kitchin, G. W., transl., Etymological dictionary of the French language (Clarendon Press Series), 1st edition, London: Oxford/MacMillan and Co., page 382b