Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōtijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bōtijaną. Equivalent to *bōtu (“improvement, recompense”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*bōtijan

to improve
to compensate

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*bōtijan
1st sg. past	*bōtidā
Infinitive	*bōtijan
Genitive infin.	*bōtijannjas
Dative infin.	*bōtijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*bōtijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*bōtiju	*bōtidā
2nd singular	*bōtisi	bōtidēs, bōtidōs
3rd singular	*bōtiþi	bōtidē, bōtidā
1st plural	*bōtijum	*bōtidum
2nd plural	*bōtiþ	*bōtidud
3rd plural	*bōtijanþ	*bōtidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*bōtijē	*bōtidī
2nd singular	*bōtijēs	*bōtidī
3rd singular	*bōtijē	*bōtidī
1st plural	*bōtijēm	*bōtidīm
2nd plural	*bōtijēþ	*bōtidīd
3rd plural	*bōtijēn	*bōtidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*bōti
Plural	*bōtiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*bōtijandī	*bōtid

Descendants

Old English: bētan
Old Frisian: bēta
Old Saxon: bōtian
Old Dutch: buoten
- Middle Dutch: boeten
  - Dutch: boeten
Old High German: buozen
- Middle High German: büezen
  - German: büßen