Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bōk

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bōks.

Noun

*bōk f[1]

inscribed billet, letter
book

Inflection

Consonant stem
	Singular
Nominative	*bōk
Genitive	*bōki
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*bōk	*bōki
Accusative	*bōku	*bōki
Genitive	*bōki	*bōkō
Dative	*bōki	*bōkum
Instrumental	*bōki	*bōkum

Derived terms

*bōkārī

Descendants

Old English: bōc, bœ̄c
- Middle English: booke, book, boke, boc, bok, buk
  - English: book (see there for further descendants)
    - Northumbrian: beuk
  - Scots: buik, beuk, buke
Old Frisian: bōk
- North Frisian:
  Föhr: buk
  Helgoland: Buk
  Mooring: bök
- Saterland Frisian: Bouk
- West Frisian: boek
Old Saxon: bōk
- Middle Low German: bôk, buk
  - Low German:
    Dutch Low Saxon: book
    German Low German: Book
  - Plautdietsch: Buak
Old Dutch: *buok
- Middle Dutch: boec
  - Dutch: boek
    - Afrikaans: boek
    - → Javanese: ꦧꦸꦏꦸ (buku)
    - → Malay: buku
      - → Indonesian: buku
        → Balinese: ᬩᬸᬓᬸ (buku)
        → Sundanese: ᮘᮥᮊᮥ (buku)
  - Limburgish: book
  - → Middle French: boucquain
    - French: bouquin
Old High German: buoh, puoh
- Middle High German: buoch
  - Alemannic German: Buech, Büäch
    Alsatian: Bööch, Büech
    Swabian: Buach
  - Bavarian: Buach
    Münsterländisch: Büak
  - Central Franconian: Booch, Buch
    Hunsrik: Buch
    Luxembourgish: Buch
  - East Central German:
    Upper Saxon: [Term?]
    Vilamovian: büch
  - East Franconian: Bouch
  - German: Buch
  - Rhine Franconian: Buch, Busch
    Pennsylvania German: Buch
  - Yiddish: בוך‎ (bukh)

References

Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 286: “nom. pl. *bōkiz ‘inscribed billets’ [...] > PWGmc *bōki”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 286: “nom. pl. *bōkiz ‘inscribed billets’ [...] > PWGmc *bōki”