Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brūn

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Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brūn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *brūnaz.

Adjective

*brūn

1. brown

Inflection

a-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*brūn
Genitive	*brūnas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*brūn	*brūnu	*brūn
Accusative	*brūnanā	*brūnā	*brūn
Genitive	*brūnas	*brūneʀā	*brūnas
Dative	*brūnumē	*brūneʀē	*brūnumē
Instrumental	*brūnu	*brūneʀu	*brūnu
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*brūnē	*brūnō	*brūnu
Accusative	*brūnā	*brūnā	*brūnu
Genitive	*brūneʀō	*brūneʀō	*brūneʀō
Dative	*brūnēm, *brūnum	*brūnēm, *brūnum	*brūnēm, *brūnum
Instrumental	*brūnēm, *brūnum	*brūnēm, *brūnum	*brūnēm, *brūnum

Derived terms

• *brūnijan

Descendants

• Old English: brūn
  • Middle English: broun, broyn, brown, brun, bruyn
    • English: brown
      • Bislama: braon
      • Tok Pisin: braun
      • → Welsh: brown
      • → Tongan: palauni
    • Scots: broon, broun
• Old Frisian: brūn
  • East Frisian:
    • Saterland Frisian: bruun
    • → Latvian: brūns
  • West Frisian: brún
• Old Saxon: brūn
  • Middle Low German: brûn
    • Dutch Low Saxon: brun, broen, bruun
    • German Low German: bruun, brun
    • Plautdietsch: brun
    • → Estonian: pruun
    • → Latgalian: bryuns
    • → Latvian: brūns
• Old Dutch: *brūn
  • Middle Dutch: bruun
    • Dutch: bruin
      • Afrikaans: bruin
      • Negerhollands: bruun, brin, bryen
      • → Papiamentu: brùin, brein, bruin
      • → Sranan Tongo: broin
    • Limburgish: broen
    • West Flemish: bruun
    • → English: bruin
    • → Latvian: brūns
• Old High German: brūn
  • Middle High German: brūn
    • Alemannic German: bruun

      Swabian:

    • Bavarian:
    • Central Franconian: brong, brung, broun

      Hunsrik: braun

      Luxembourgish: brong

    • East Central German:

      Vilamovian: braojn

    • East Franconian:
    • German: braun
    • Rhine Franconian:
      • Pennsylvania German: brau
    • Yiddish: ברוין‎ (broyn)
• → Late Latin: brūnus
  • → Dalmatian: broin
  • → Italian: bruno
  • → Old Portuguese:
    • Galician: brun
    • Portuguese: bruno
  • → Old Spanish:
    • Spanish: bruno
  • ⇒ Medieval Latin: brunneus
    • → English: brunneous
• → Old French: brun
  • Middle French: brun
    • French: brun
      • → Breton: brun
      • Louisiana Creole French: brun
      • → Romanian: brun
  • Norman: breun, brun
  • → Galician: brun (archaic)

See also

Colors in Proto-West Germanic · *farwō (layout · text)

*blaik, *blank, *hwīt, *blas	*falu, *grāu, *hasu, *grīs, *hair	*blak, *swart
*raud	*brūn, *erp, *dunn/dusn	*gelu
*grōnī	*grōnī
	*blāu	*blāu
*blāu