Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/brestan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Germanic *brestaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰres- (“to burst, break, crack, split, separate”).

Verb

*brestan

to burst, break, sunder, split, crack

Inflection

Strong class 3
Infinitive	*brestan
1st sg. past	*brast
3rd pl. past	*brustun
Past ptcple	*brostan
Infinitive	*brestan
Genitive infin.	*brestannjas
Dative infin.	*brestannjē
Instrum. infin.	*brestannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*brestu	*brast
2nd singular	*bristiʀi	*brustī
3rd singular	*bristidi	*brast
1st plural	*brestum	*brustum
2nd plural	*bristid	*brustud
3rd plural	*brestand	*brustun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*brestē	*brustī
2nd singular	*brestēs	*brustī
3rd singular	*brestē	*brustī
1st plural	*brestēm	*brustīm
2nd plural	*brestēþ	*brustīd
3rd plural	*brestēn	*brustīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*brest
Plural	*bristid
	Present	Past
Participle	*brestandī	*brostan

Related terms

*brastijan
*brastōn
*brestu
*brustijan

Descendants

Old English: berstan
- Middle English: bresten, bersten
  - English: burst, bust
  - Scots: brist, bryst
Old Frisian: bersta
- North Frisian: baast (Föhr-Amrum)
- Saterland Frisian: bäärste
- West Frisian: barste, boarste
Old Saxon: *brestan
- Middle Low German: bersten, barsten, borsten
  - German Low German: barsten, basten
Old Dutch: brestan
- Middle Dutch: bersten
  - Dutch: barsten, bersten
Old High German: *brestan, prestan, *bristan
- Middle High German: brësten, bresten
  - German: bresten, bersten
  - Luxembourgish: baschten
→ Old French: brisier, briser; debrisier
- Middle French: briser; debriser
  - French: briser; débris
    - → English: debris
  - → Middle Dutch: *brisen; briselen
    - Dutch: verbrijzelen