Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/beran

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *beraną.

Verb

*beran

to carry, to bear

Inflection

Strong class 4
Infinitive	*beran
1st sg. past	*bar
3rd pl. past	*bārun
Past ptcple	*boran
Infinitive	*beran
Genitive infin.	*berannjas
Dative infin.	*berannjē
Instrum. infin.	*berannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*beru	*bar
2nd singular	*biriʀi	*bārī
3rd singular	*biridi	*bar
1st plural	*berum	*bārum
2nd plural	*birid	*bārud
3rd plural	*berand	*bārun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*berē	*bārī
2nd singular	*berēs	*bārī
3rd singular	*berē	*bārī
1st plural	*berēm	*bārīm
2nd plural	*berēþ	*bārīd
3rd plural	*berēn	*bārīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*ber
Plural	*birid
	Present	Past
Participle	*berandī	*boran

Derived terms

*atberan
*fraberan
*gaberan
*unþaberan
*uʀberan

Descendants

Old English: beran, beoran
- Middle English: beren, beoren, bearen, baren
  - English: bear
  - Scots: bere, beir
  - Yola: ber, baar
Old Frisian: bera
- Saterland Frisian: bere
- West Frisian: barre
Old Saxon: beran
- Middle Low German: beren, baren
  - German Low German: böhren
  - Westphalian:
    Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: buar'n
    Sauerländisch: ⇒ gebe̗ren
    Westmünsterländisch: bohrn
Old Dutch: beran
- Middle Dutch: bēren
Old High German: beran, peran
- Middle High German: bëren, bërn
  - ⇒ German: gebären
  - Alemannic German: beren