< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/balgijan
 | This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *balgijaną.
Verb
*balgijan[1][2][3]
- to anger, to enrage
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *balgijan | |
| 1st sg. past | *balgidā | |
| Infinitive | *balgijan | |
| Genitive infin. | *balgijannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *balgijannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *balgijannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *balgiju | *balgidā |
| 2nd singular | *balgisi | *balgidēs, *balgidōs |
| 3rd singular | *balgiþi | *balgidē, *balgidā |
| 1st plural | *balgijum | *balgidum |
| 2nd plural | *balgiþ | *balgidud |
| 3rd plural | *balgijanþ | *balgidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *balgijē | *balgidī |
| 2nd singular | *balgijēs | *balgidī |
| 3rd singular | *balgijē | *balgidī |
| 1st plural | *balgijēm | *balgidīm |
| 2nd plural | *balgijēþ | *balgidīd |
| 3rd plural | *balgijēn | *balgidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *balgi | |
| Plural | *balgiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *balgijandī | *balgid |
Related terms
- *belgan
Descendants
- Old Saxon: belgian
- Old High German: belgen
- Middle High German: belgen
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*balgjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 49
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*balʒjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
- Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 209: “PWGmc *balgijan”