Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yẹt(t)i

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

*yẹti
*yẹtti

Reconstruction

It remains unclear whether *t was geminated or not. Although most reflexes show a simple *t, the sporadic distribution of *tt suggests *yẹtti was the original pronunciation, sustained by Clauson (1972)[1], which later was simplified the geminates in each branch independently.

Numeral

**Proto-Turkic cardinal numbers**
< 6	7	8 >
Cardinal : yẹt(t)i Ordinal* : *yẹt(t)imči

*yẹt(t)i

seven

Derived terms

*yétmiĺ (“seventy”) (+ *-miĺ (“-ty, as the ten-forming suffix”))

(tentative) *yẹt(t)igën (“Ursa Major”) (+ possibly *gün (“sun, star”))

*yẹt(t)imči (“seventh”) (+ *-imči (“-th, as the ordinal-forming suffix”))

Descendants

Oghur:
- Bulgar: جیات, جتی
  - Volga Bulgar: ǰeči, ǰeti, ǰiyeǰi, ǰiyeti
  - Chuvash: ҫиччӗ (śiččĕ)[2], Chuvash: ҫичӗ (śičĕ), Chuvash: ҫич (śič)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (yédi), [script needed] (yétī)
- Khorezmian Turkic: [Term?]
- Orkhon Turkic: yēti, yīti
- Chagatai: يتە‎ (yättä), يتى‎ (yätti)
  - Uighur-Ili:
    - Ili Turki: yetti
    - Uyghur: يەتتە‎ (yette)
      - Lopnor Uyghur: yetti
  - Uzbek: yetti
    - Mogholi: yęttį
    - Tashkent: yetti
Khalaj: yētti
Kipchak: [Term?]
- East Kipchak:
  - Southern Altai: јети (ǰeti)
    - Altai: јети (dʼeti)
    - Teleut: јети (d’eti)
  - Kyrgyz: жети (ceti)
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ете (yete)
    - ⇒ Bashkir: Етегән (Yetegän)[3]
  - Tatar: җиде (cide)
  - Siberian Tatar: йете (yete)
    - Baraba: йäди (yädi), йĕди (yĕdi)
    - Tobol-Irtysh: yette
    - Tom: йеді (yedi), йиді (yidi)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: jeti, žeti
  - Kazakh: жеті (jeti)
  - Kipchak Uzbek: йетть (yettĭ)
  - Nogay-Karagash: четі (četi)
  - Nogai: ети (yeti) йети (yeti)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar-Krymchak:
    - Krymchak: yedi
    - Crimean Tatar-Urum:
      - Crimean Tatar: yedi[4]
      - Urum: йеди (yedi)
  - Karaim: йэди (yedi)
    - Crimean Karaim: йэди (yedi)
    - Trakai: йэди (yedi)
    - Halych: йэди (yedi)
  - Kumyk-Karachay:
    - Karachay-Balkar: джети (ǰeti)
    - Kumyk: етти (yetti)
Oghuz: [Term?]
- Oghuz Uzbek: yeddi
- Sonqori: yiddị
- Old Anatolian Turkish: یدی‎ (yedi)
  - Azerbaijani: yeddi
  - Ottoman Turkish: یدی‎ (yedi)
    - Turkish: yedi
    - Gagauz: edi
    - Georgian Urum: eddi
- Southern Oghuz
  - Qashqai: yeddi
- East Oghuz:
  - Khorasani Turkish: yetdi
  - Salar: yitti, yidē
    - Ili Salar: yidi
  - Turkmen: ýedi
Siberian:
- Altai-Yenisei:
  - Northern Altai: [Term?]
    - Kumandy: чети (četi)
    - Kuu-Kizhi: дьети (dʹyeti), тьети (tʹyeti), чети (četi)
    - Tuba: йетти (yetti), дьети (dʹyeti)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: читі (çití)
    - Shor: четти (četti)
      - Mrassu: четти (četti)
    - Fu-yü Gïrgïs: čiti
- Chulym: йеде (yēde)
  - Lower Chulym: йеде (yēde)
  - Middle Chulym: čēdi
- Sayan:
  - Dukhan: ǰetə, ǰeedə
  - Soyot: чеді (čedĭ), ҷеді (ǰedĭ)
  - Tofa: чеді (čedi)
  - Tuvan: чеди (çedi)
  - Altay Tuvan: ǰēdə
    - Jungar Tuvan: žeže
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: һэттэ (hette)
  - Yakut: сэттэ (sette)
- Old Uyghur: [Term?]
  - Western Yugur: yitï
Old Turkic: 𐰘𐱅𐰃‎ (yeti)[5]

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972), “yétti:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 886
Chuvash numerals
Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969) Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 259
Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN
Abuseitova, M. Kh; Bukhatuly, B., editors (2008), “𐰘𐰃𐱅𐰃”, in TÜRIK BITIG: Ethno Cultural Dictionary, Language Committee of Ministry of Culture and Information of Republic of Kazakhstan

Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*jẹt(t)i”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
Clauson, Gerard (1972), “yétti:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 886
Dukhan word can find to

[1] Clauson, Gerard (1972), “yétti:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 886

[2] Chuvash numerals

[3] Nadeljajev, V. M.; Nasilov, D. M.; Tenišev, E. R.; Ščerbak, A. M., editors (1969) Drevnetjurkskij slovarʹ [Dictionary of Old Turkic] (in Russian), Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences, Nauka, page 259

[4] Mirjejev, V. A.; Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk [Ukrainian – Crimean Tatar Dictionary]‎, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

[5] Abuseitova, M. Kh; Bukhatuly, B., editors (2008), “𐰘𐰃𐱅𐰃”, in TÜRIK BITIG: Ethno Cultural Dictionary, Language Committee of Ministry of Culture and Information of Republic of Kazakhstan