< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yumurtka
 | This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
From Proto-Turkic *yum- (“stem for the round things”). Unclear relation with Proto-Tungusic *ụmụ̄kta (“egg”) which comes from the Proto-Tungusic *umū- (“to lay eggs”). According to the Altaists, Turkic *yumurtka is from the same root as Umay Ana (“Goddess of birth”), but it was later influenced by the Turkic stem *yum-.
It exists in almost every modern Turkic language except Uyghur. The reason for the deficiency in Uyghur is that they use تۇخۇم (tuxum), which is a borrowing from an Iranic language.
Noun
*yumurtka
- egg
Declension
Declension of *yumurtka
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *yumurtka |
| Accusative | *yumurtkanï, *yumurtkanïg 1) |
| Genitive | *yumurtkanïŋ |
| Dative | *yumurtkaka |
| Locative | *yumurtkada |
| Ablative | *yumurtkadan |
| Instrumental 2) | *yumurtkan |
| Equative 2) | *yumurtkača |
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫӑмарта (śămart̬a)
- Common Turkic:
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: yumurqa
- Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Azerbaijani: yumurta
- Ottoman Turkish: یومورطه (yumurta), یومرطه (yumurta), یومرده (yumurda), یمورطه (yumurta), یمورده (yumurda)
- Turkish: yumurta
- Gagauz: yımırta
- Salar: yumurta
- Turkmen: ýumurtga
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: يِمِرْتْغا (yïmïrtɣa)
- Uzbek: yumurtqa (dialect)
- Karakhanid: يِمِرْتْغا (yïmïrtɣa)
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak: [script needed] (yumurtğa), [script needed] (yumurtqa)[1]
- North Kipchak:
- Bashkir: йомортҡа (yomortqa)
- Tatar: йомырка (yomırka)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
- Crimean Tatar: yumurta
- Karachay-Balkar: джумуртха (cumurtxa)
- Karaim: йымурта
- Krymchak: йымырта
- Kumyk: йымырткъа (yımırtqa)
- South Kipchak:
- Caspian:
- Karakalpak: jumurtqa
- Kazakh: жұмыртқа (jūmyrtqa)
- Nogai: юмыртка (yumırtka)
- Kyrgyz–Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: жумуртка (jumurtka)
- Southern Altai: јымыртка (ǰïmïrtka)
- Caspian:
- Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yumurtğa)
- Western Yugur: [script needed] (yomut)
- North Siberian:
- Dolgan: һыммыт
- Yakut: сымыыт (sımııt)
- South Siberian:
- Sayan Turkic:
- Tofa: нюмурһа (ńumurha)
- Tuvan: чуурга (çuurga)
- Yenisei Turkic:
- Khakas: нымырха (nımırxa)
- Shor: нубуртқа (nuburtqa) ,нуртқа (nurtqa)
- Sayan Turkic:
- Old Uyghur: [script needed] (yumurtğa)
See also
| Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Barley | barley: *arpa | %252C_A_pea_is_a_most_commonly_green.JPG.webp){kind=small} Pea | beans, peas: *burčak |  Wheat | farro: *bodu (>*bodugay>*bogday “wheat”) |
 Jujube | jujube: *yidge |  Strawberry | strawberry: *yidgelek |  Apple | apple: *almïla |
 Hazelnuts | hazelnut: *bōńurï |  Walnuts | walnut: *yaŋgak |  Honey | honey: *bạl |
 Millet | millet: *tạrïg |  Onion | onion: *sogan |  Salt | salt: *tūŕ |
 Egg | egg: *yumurtka |  Butter | butter: *yāg |  Mushroom | mushroom: *kömbe |
References
- Toparlı, Recep (2007) Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü, 2nd edition, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, →ISBN, page 330
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*jumurtka”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill