Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tar-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/tar-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Verb

*tar-

1. to go apart, scatter, spread

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • ⇒ Chuvash: [script needed] (torat)
• Common Turkic:
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (tarmaq)
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Tatar: [script needed] (tar-) (dial.)
    • South Kipchak
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak
        • Southern Altai: тарат- (tarat-, “to scatter”)
• ⇒ Common Turkic: *tarmak (“branch”)

• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (tarmaq)
    • Uyghur: تارماق‎ (tarmaq)
    • Uzbek: tarmoq
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: тармаҡ (tarmaq)
    • Tatar: тармак (tarmaq)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Kumyk: тармакъ (tarmaq)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: tarmaq
      • Kazakh: тармақ (tarmaq)
      • Nogai: [script needed] (tarmaq)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: тармак (tarmak)
• Siberian:
  • Old Uyghur:
    • Western Yugur: [script needed] (tarmaq, “finger”)
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: тарбах (tarbax, “finger”)

• ⇒ Common Turkic: *targa-

• Oghuz:
  • Turkmen: dargamak
  • Proto-Oghuz: *tāga-, *tāgï-
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (tağıtmaq)
      • Azerbaijani: dağılmaq, dağıtmaq (dağıd-)
      • Ottoman Turkish: طاغتمق‎ (dağıtmak)
        • Gagauz: daalmaa, daatmaa
        • Turkish: dağılmak, dağıtmak
    • Salar: dağıl, dağal, dağan, dağad, dağa
    • Turkmen: dāgamak, dāgatmak (dāğad-)
    • Proto-Oghuz: *tarma-tāgïn
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Azerbaijani: darmadağın
        • Ottoman Turkish:
          • Turkish: darmadağın
• Kipchak
  • East Kipchak
    • Southern Altai: тарка- (tarka-, “to spread”)
• Siberian:
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: [script needed] (targat-)
    • Yakut: тарҕаа (tarğaa)

• ⇒ Common Turkic: *tarba-

• Karluk:
  • Uzbek: tarvaymoq
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Tatar: [script needed] (tarba-)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Karakalpak: tarbaw
      • Nogai: [script needed] (tarma-)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: тарбоо (tarboo)
      • Southern Altai: тарма- (tarma-, “harrow, hill”)
• Siberian:
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: [script needed] (tarba-)
• →? Mongolian: [script needed] (tarbayi-)
  • Kalmyk: [script needed] (darwǟ-)
  • Buryat: [script needed] (darbay-)
  • Daur: [script needed] (darbalǯi-)

References

• Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill