< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sïdïr-
 | This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Akin to Proto-Mongolic *sidur- (“to rub off”), Proto-Tungusic *sidu- (“to rub off, peel off”).
Verb
*sïdïr-
- (Common Turkic) to rub off, peel off
Conjugation
Conjugation of *sïdïr- (Common Turkic)
| Positive | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| verbal noun (infinitive) | *sïdïrma(k) | |||||||
| verbal adjective | *sïdïrgan (or sïdïrduk) | |||||||
| way of doing | *sïdïrïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | present | *sïdïrurban (or sïdïrurman) | *sïdïrursaŋ | *sïdïrur | *sïdïruruk (sïdïrurbuz or sïdïrurmuz) | *sïdïrursuŋuz | *sïdïrurlar | |
| past | seen or clear | *sïdïrdïm | *sïdïrdïŋ | *sïdïrdï | *sïdïrdïk (or sïdïrdïmïz) | *sïdïrdïŋïz | *sïdïrdïlar | |
| heard or unclear | *sïdïrmïšban (or sïdïrmïšman) | *sïdïrmïšsaŋ | *sïdïrmïš | *sïdïrmïšïk (sïdïrmïšbïz or sïdïrmïšmïz) | *sïdïrmïšsïŋïz | *sïdïrmïšlar | ||
| future | *sïdïračakban (or sïdïračakman) | *sïdïračaksaŋ | *sïdïračak | *sïdïračakïk (sïdïračakbïz or sïdïračakmïz) | *sïdïračaksïŋïz | *sïdïračaklar | ||
| conditional | *sïdïrsam | *sïdïrsaŋ | *sïdïrsa | *sïdïrsak (or sïdïrsamïz) | *sïdïrsaŋïz | *sïdïrsalar | ||
| optative | *sïdïrayïŋ | *sïdïrgasaŋ | *sïdïrga | *sïdïralïm | *sïdïrgasïŋïz | *sïdïrgalar | ||
| progressive | *sïdïrmaktaban (or sïdïrmaktaman) | *sïdïrmaktasaŋ | *sïdïrmakta | *sïdïrmaktayïk (sïdïrmaktabïz or sïdïrmaktamïz) | *sïdïrmaktasïŋïz | *sïdïrmaktalar | ||
| necessitative | *sïdïrmalïgban (or sïdïrmalïgman) | *sïdïrmalïgsaŋ | *sïdïrmalïg | *sïdïrmalïgïk (sïdïrmalïgbïz or sïdïrmalïgmïz) | *sïdïrmalïgsïŋïz | *sïdïrmalïglar | ||
| imperative | *sïdïrayïŋ | *sïdïr | *sïdïrsun | *sïdïralïm | *sïdïrïŋ | *sïdïrsunlar | ||
| Negative | ||||||||
| verbal noun (infinitive) | *sïdïrmama(k) | |||||||
| verbal adjective | *sïdïrmagan (or sïdïrmaduk) | |||||||
| way of doing | *sïdïrmayïš | |||||||
| singular | plural | |||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
| *ben | *sen | *ol | *biz | *siz | *olar | |||
| indicative | present | *sïdïrmarban (or sïdïrmarman) | *sïdïrmarsaŋ | *sïdïrmaz | *sïdïrmarïk (sïdïrmarbïz or sïdïrmarmïz) | *sïdïrmarsïŋïz | *sïdïrmazlar | |
| past | seen or clear | *sïdïrmadïm | *sïdïrmadïŋ | *sïdïrmadï | *sïdïrmadïk (or sïdïrmadïmïz) | *sïdïrmadïŋïz | *sïdïrmadïlar | |
| heard or unclear | *sïdïrmamïšban (or sïdïrmamïšman) | *sïdïrmamïšsaŋ | *sïdïrmamïš | *sïdïrmamïšïk (sïdïrmamïšbïz or sïdïrmamïšmïz) | *sïdïrmamïšsïŋïz | *sïdïrmamïšlar | ||
| future | *sïdïrmayačakban (or sïdïrmayačakman) | *sïdïrmayačaksaŋ | *sïdïrmayačak | *sïdïrmayačakïk (sïdïrmayačakbïz or sïdïrmayačakmïz) | *sïdïrmayačakïŋïz | *sïdïrmayačaklar | ||
| conditional | *sïdïrmasam | *sïdïrmasaŋ | *sïdïrmasa | *sïdïrmasak (or sïdïrmasamïz) | *sïdïrmasaŋïz | *sïdïrmasalar | ||
| optative | *sïdïrmayayïŋ | *sïdïrmagasaŋ | *sïdïrmaga | *sïdïrmayalïm | *sïdïrmagasïŋïz | *sïdïrmagalar | ||
| progressive | *sïdïrmamaktaban (or sïdïrmamaktagman) | *sïdïrmamaktasaŋ | *sïdïrmamakta | *sïdïrmamaktayïk (sïdïrmamaktabïz or sïdïrmamaktamïk) | *sïdïrmamaktasïŋïz | *sïdïrmamaktalar | ||
| necessitative | *sïdïrmamalïgban (or sïdïrmamalïgman) | *sïdïrmamalïgsaŋ | *sïdïrmamalïg | *sïdïrmamalïgïk (sïdïrmamalïgbïz or sïdïrmamalïgmïz) | *sïdïrmamalïgsïŋïz | *sïdïrmamalïglar | ||
| imperative | *sïdïrmayayïŋ | *sïdïrma | *sïdïrmasun | *sïdïrmayalïm | *sïdïrmayïŋ | *sïdïrmasunlar | ||
Descendants
- Common Turkic:
- →? Chuvash: шăйăр (šăjăr)
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: sıdurmaq
- Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Azerbaijani: sıyırmaq
- Ottoman Turkish: صییرمق (sıyırmaq)
- Turkish: sıyırmak
- Gagauz: sıyırmaa
- Turkmen: sȳrmak
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: [script needed] (sıdırmaq)
- Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
- Tatar: [script needed] (sıyır-) (dialect)
- West Kipchak:
- Karachay-Balkar: [script needed] (sıyır-)
- South Kipchak:
- Caspian:
- Kazakh: сиыру (siyru)
- Nogai: [script needed] (sıyır-)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: сыйруу (sıyruu)
- Southern Altai: сыйырар (sïyïrar)
- Caspian:
- North Kipchak:
- Siberian:
- South Siberian:
- Yenisei Turkic:
- Western Yugur: [script needed] (sızır-)
- Khakas: сызырарға (sızırarğa)
- Shor: сызырарға (sızırarğa)
- Yenisei Turkic:
- South Siberian:
References
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*sɨdɨr-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill