Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ordu

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Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ordu

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *or-.

Noun

*ordu

1. place
2. palace
3. lair, den
4. place of staying (of the army, ruler etc.)
5. army

Declension

Declension of *ordu

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*ordu
Accusative	*ordunu, *ordunug 1)
Genitive	*ordunuŋ
Dative	*orduka
Locative	*orduda
Ablative	*ordudan
Instrumental 2)	*ordun
Equative 2)	*orduča

¹⁾ Found in early Proto-Turkic.
²⁾ The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Related terms

• *orta (“middle”)

Descendants

• Xiong-nu:
  • → Old Chinese: 甌脫 (ōutuō)
• → Classical Mongolian: ᠣᠷᠳ᠋ᠤ (ordu)
  • Mongolian: орд (ord)
• → Kalmyk: орда (orda)
• Common Turkic:
  • Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish:
      • Azerbaijani: ordu
      • Ottoman Turkish:
        • Turkish: ordu
    • Turkmen: orda
  • Karluk:
    • Chagatai: اردو‎ (ordu)
      • → Urdu: اُردُو‎ (urdū, “Urdu language, camp, army”)
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (ordu)
      • Uzbek: orda
      • Uyghur: ئوردا‎ (orda)
  • Kipchak:
    • → Middle French: horde
    • → German: Horde
    • → Polish: horda
    • → Russian: орда (orda, “horde, clan, troop”)
    • → English: horde
    • → Macedonian: орда (orda)
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: урда (urda)
      • Tatar: урда (urda)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Kumyk: [script needed] (orda)
      • Karaim: [script needed] (ordu)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Karakalpak: orda
        • Kazakh: орда (orda)
        • Nogai: орда (orda)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: ордо (ordo)
        • Southern Altai: орды (ordï)
  • Siberian:
    • Old Turkic: [script needed] (ordu)
    • Old Uyghur: [script needed] (ordu)
    • North Kipchak:
      • Yakut: ордуу (orduu)
      • Dolgan: онну
    • South Kipchak:
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: [script needed] (orda)

References

• Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*or-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill