Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kïs-

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Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kïs-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Compared to Written Mongolian [script needed] (kisa-), Kalmyk [script needed] (kis-), Khalkha Mongolian [script needed] (xas-); Manchu [script needed] (xisχa-, “to touch, stroke, sharpen (a knife)”).[1] Perhaps they are Turkic borrowings.

Verb

*kïs-

1. to squeeze

Derived terms

• *kïs-ïr
  • *kïsïr-ak
• *kïs-ga
• *kïs-ïk
• *kïs-ïg

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: хӗс (hĕs)
• Common Turkic:

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: qısmaq
    • Ottoman Turkish: قیصمق‎ (kısmak), قصمق‎ (kısmak), قسمق‎ (kısmak)
      • Gagauz: kısmaa
      • Turkish: kısmak
  • Salar: qıs
  • Turkmen: gysmak
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qïsmaq)[2]
• Kipchak:
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: қысу (qysu)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: кысуу (kısuu)
      • Southern Altai: кызар (kïzar)

References

1. Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
2. al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074), Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), volume II, 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 11

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 665-666