Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kïr

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *kïr-. Alternatively, the nominal meaning is primary.

Noun

*kïr

isolated mountain
mountain top
mountain ridge
steppe, desert, level ground
edge

Descendants

Oghur
- Chuvash: хир (hir)
Common Turkic: *kïr

Oghuz
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [Term?]
  - Ottoman Turkish: قر‎ (qïr)
- Turkmen: gyr
Karluk
- Karakhanid: قِرْ‎ (qïr)
  - Chagatai: قیر‎
    - Uzbek: qir
    - Uyghur: قىر‎ (qir)
Kipchak
- North Kipchak
  - Bashkir: ҡыр (qïr)
  - Tatar: кыр (qır)
- West Kipchak
  - Kumyk: къыр (qır)
  - Karachay-Balkar: къыр
- East Kipchak
  - Southern Altai: кыр (kïr)
  - Kyrgyz: кыр (kır)
  - Teleut қыр-
- South Kipchak
  - Karakalpak: қыр
  - Kazakh: қыр (qır)
  - Nogai: кыр (kır)
Siberian
- North Siberian
  - ⇒? Dolgan: кырдал (“hill”)
  - ⇒ Yakut: кыртас (kırtas, “to shear, cut out”), ⇒ кырдал (kırdal, “hill”)
→ Middle Mongolian: ᠬᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ (qir-a)
- Mongolian: хяр (hjar)
- → Turkmen: gyra
- → Tuvan: хыра (xıra)

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 641
Levitskaja, L. S.; Dybo, A. V.; Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages]‎ (in Russian), volume VI, Moscow: Indrik, page 225
Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 265
Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003) , “*Kɨr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill