< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kumursga
Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction
Daughter languages show various secondary changes due to a difficult consonant cluster.
Some sources reconstruct *kïmïrsga or *kumïrsga to explain the unrounded vowel found in all Siberian varieties and North Kipchak, however the oldest sources point to rounded vowels.
Etymology
Perhaps analyzable as *kumur- + -ga, the latter being a common ending in animal names.
Noun
*kumursga
- ant
- Synonyms: *k(i)arïnčga, *čümeli
Declension
Declension of *kumursga
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *kumursga |
Accusative | *kumursganï, *kumursganïg 1) |
Genitive | *kumursganïŋ |
Dative | *kumursgaka |
Locative | *kumursgada |
Ablative | *kumursgadan |
Instrumental 2) | *kumursgan |
Equative 2) | *kumursgača |
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Medieval:
- Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰢𐰆𐰺𐰽𐰍𐰀 (qumursɣa)
- Khorezmian: [script needed] (qumurṣqa)
- Mamluk Kipchak: [script needed] (qumursqa)
- Karluk
- Chagatai: [script needed] (qumursɣa)
- Uzbek: qumursqa
- Chagatai: [script needed] (qumursɣa)
- Kipchak
- Aral:
- Kazakh: құмырсқа (qūmyrsqa)
- Nogai: кумырска (kumırska)
- Black Sea:
- Crimean Tatar: qumursqa, qırmısqa
- Karachay-Balkar: къумурсха (qumursxa)
- Karaim: qumurstqa
- Kumyk: хомурсгъа (xomursğa)
- Eastern:
- Kyrgyz: кумурска (kumurska)
- Southern Altai: комурска (komurska), кумурска (kumurska)
- North:
- Bashkir: ҡырмыҫҡа (qırmıθqa)
- Tatar: кырмыска (qırmıska)
- Aral:
- Oghuz:
- Turkish: komursga (dialectal)
- Salar: gumısgan
- Turkmen: gumursga
- Siberian:
- Northern Siberian:
- Yakut: кымырдаҕас (kımırdağas)
- Southern Siberian:
- Yenisei Turkic:
- Khakas: хымысха (xımısxa)
- Shor: қымысқаш
- Sayan Turkic:
- Soyot: һымысқа
- Tuvan: кымыскаяк (kımıskayak)
- Tofa: һымысқа (hımısqa)
- Yenisei Turkic:
- Northern Siberian:
Further reading
- Clauson, Gerard (1972), “kumursğa:”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 628
- Levitskaja, L. S.; Dybo, A. V.; Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, page 139
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*kumɨr-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill