Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kertme

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Mongolic *kedemen.

Noun

*kertme

(Common Turkic) pear

Declension

Declension of *kertme (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural²⁾
nominative	*kertme	*kertmeler
accusative
genitive	*kertmeniŋ	*kertmelerniŋ
dative	*kertmeke	*kertmelerke
locative	*kertmede	*kertmelerde
ablative	*kertmeden	*kertmelerden
instrumental¹⁾		*kertmelerin
equative¹⁾	*kertmeče	*kertmelerče

¹⁾The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Kipchak: كرتما‎ (kärtmä)
- West Kipchak
  - Crimean Tatar: kertme
  - Kumyk: gertme (gertme)
  - Karaim: gertme
  - Karachay-Balkar: kertme (kertme)
- South Kipchak
  - Nogai: kertpe
- → Hungarian: körte
- → Ossetian: кӕрдо (kærdo)

References

Róna-Tas, András; Berta, Árpád; Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag