Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ben

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Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ben

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From oblique case of *bẹ. Often connected to Proto-Mongolic *bi (“I”) and Proto-Tungusic *bi (“I”).

Pronoun

*ben

1. I

Inflection

Declension of Proto-Turkic/ben

nominative	*bẹ, *ben
accusative	*beni
genitive	*beniŋ
dative	*benke
instrumental	*ben bile
locative	*bente
ablative	*benten

Postposition

*ben

1. Denotes "to be" for first person singular when at the end of an object; am
2. Denotes first person singular after various tenses

Related terms

• *biŕ (“we”)

Derived terms

• *bẹ-niŋ
• *bẹ-ni

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: эпӗ (ep̬ĕ) (actually from *bẹ)
• Common Turkic: *ben

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: mən
• Oghuz:
  • Proto-Oghuz: *ben
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: بن‎ (ben), ـون‎ (-ven)
      • Azerbaijani: mən
      • Ottoman Turkish: بن‎ (ben), ـم‎ (-m, -im)
        • Gagauz: bän
        • Turkish: ben, -im
    • Salar: [script needed] (mēn), men
    • Turkmen: men, -in

• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: مَنْ‎ (men)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (ben), [script needed] (men)
      • Chagatai: من‎ (men)
        • Uzbek: men
        • Uyghur: مەن‎ (men)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: من‎ (män)
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: мин (min)
      • Tatar: мин (min)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: men
      • Karachay-Balkar: мен (men)
      • Kumyk: мен (men)
    • South Kipchak:
      • Caspian:
        • Kazakh: мен (men)
        • Karakalpak: мен
        • Nogai: мен (men)
      • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
        • Kyrgyz: мен (men)
        • Southern Altai: мен (men)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic:
    • Old Turkic: 𐰢𐰤‎‎ (mn²‎ /men/), 𐰋𐰤‎‎ (b²n²‎ /ben/)
    • Old Uyghur: pʾn (ben), mʾn (men)
      • Western Yugur: [script needed] (men)
    • Yenisei Kyrgyz: 𐰌𐰥‎‎ (/ben/)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: мин (min)
    • Yakut: мин (min)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: мен (men)
      • Tuvan: мен (men)
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Khakas: мин (min)
      • Shor: мен (men)

Further reading

• Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*bĭ̀”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Clauson, Gerard (1972), “ben”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 346