Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bel-

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Verb form of Proto-Turkic *bel. Compare Middle Mongolian [script needed] (belge).

Verb

*bel-

to denote, designate

Derived terms

*bel-ig
*bel-ik
*bel-gü
- *bel-gü-r-

Descendants

→? Middle Mongolian: [script needed] (belge)
- → Turkish: belge
- → Azerbaijani: bəlgə
Oghur:
- ⇒ Proto-Oghur: *belig
  - Volga Bulgar: بَلُو‎ (belüv, “monument”)
    - Chuvash: палӑ (pală), палӑр (palăr)
  - → Hungarian: bélyeg
  - → Old Church Slavonic: БЕЛЕГ (BELEG), БИЛЕГ (BILEG)
    - Bulgarian: белег (beleg)
    - Macedonian: белег (beleg)
    - Serbo-Croatian: белег
- ⇒ Proto-Oghur: *belik
  - Chuvash: палӑк (palăk)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: [Term?]
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [Term?]
  - Azerbaijani: bəlirmək, bəlgiyyə
  - Ottoman Turkish: [Term?]
    - Turkish: belirmek, belgi
- Turkmen: belgi
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: بَلْكُ‎ (belgü), بَلْكُرْماكْ‎ (belgürmek)
  - Uzbek: belgi
  - Uyghur: [script needed] (bälgü)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: билге (bilge), билгереү (bilgerew)
  - Tatar: билге (bilge)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: [Term?]
  - Kumyk: белги (belgi)
  - Karachay-Balkar: [Term?]
  - Karaim: [Term?]
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: belgi
    - Kazakh: белгі (belgi)
    - Nogai: [Term?]
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: белги (belgi)
    - Southern Altai: белги (belgi)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: [script needed] (belgü)
- Old Uyghur: [Term?]
  - Western Yugur: [Term?]
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: бэлиэ (belie)
  - Dolgan: [Term?]
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: [Term?]
    - Tofa: [Term?]
  - Yenisei:
    - Shor: [Term?]
    - Khakas: [Term?]