< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/adak
 | This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Alternative reconstructions
- *hadak
Etymology
Akin to Proto-Mongolic *adag (“end”).
Noun
*adak
- foot
- Antonym: *elig (“hand”)
- end
Declension
Declension of *adak
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *adak |
| Accusative | *adaknï, *adaknïg 1) |
| Genitive | *adaknïŋ |
| Dative | *adakka |
| Locative | *adakda |
| Ablative | *adakdan |
| Instrumental 2) | *adakïn |
| Equative 2) | *adakča |
1) Found in early Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Derived terms
- *adak-la-
- *adak-lïg
- *adak-lïk
Descendants
- Oghur:
- Chuvash: ура (ura)
- Common Turkic: *adak
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: hadaq
- Oghuz:
- Proto-Oghuz: *ayak
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (ayaq)
- Azerbaijani: ayaq
- Ottoman Turkish: آیاق (ayak)
- Gagauz: ayak
- Turkish: ayak
- → Armenian: այախ (ayax)
- Salar: ayaq
- Turkmen: aýak
- Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (ayaq)
- Proto-Oghuz: *ayak
- Karluk:
- Karakhanid: اَذَقْ (aδaq)
- Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (aδaq), [script needed] (ayaq)
- Chagatai: آیاق (ayaq), آیاغ (ayağ)
- Uzbek: oyoq
- Uyghur: ئاياغ (ayagh)
- Chagatai: آیاق (ayaq), آیاغ (ayağ)
- Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (aδaq), [script needed] (ayaq)
- Karakhanid: اَذَقْ (aδaq)
- Kipchak:
- Kipchak: ايق (ayaq)
- Mamluk-Kipchak: [script needed] (ayaq)
- West Kipchak:
- Crimean Tatar: ayaq
- Karachay-Balkar: аякъ (ayaq)
- Kumyk: аякъ (ayaq)
- North Kipchak:
- Bashkir: аҙаҡ (aðaq, “end; then”), аяҡ (ayaq, “leg”)
- Tatar: аяк (ayak)
- South Kipchak:
- Caspian:
- Kazakh: аяқ (aäq)
- Karakalpak: ayaq
- Nogai: аяк (ayak)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
- Kyrgyz: аяк (ayak)
- Southern Altai: аяк (ayak), айак (ayak)
- Caspian:
- Kipchak: ايق (ayaq)
- Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰑𐰴 (d¹q /adaq/)
- Old Uyghur: ʾʾdʾq (adaq)
- Western Yugur: azaq
- Old Uyghur: ʾʾdʾq (adaq)
- North Siberian:
- Dolgan: атак (atak)
- Yakut: атах (atax)
- South Siberian:
- Sayan Turkic:
- Tuvan: адак (adak)
- Yenisei Turkic:
- Khakas: азах (azax)
- Shor: азақ (azaq)
- Sayan Turkic:
- Old Turkic: 𐰑𐰴 (d¹q /adaq/)
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972), “aḏak”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 45
- Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*p`ágdi”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill