Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьtъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Derived from *-tъ appended to i-stems *-ь and possibly yo-stems *-jь, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-tós. Reflects Latin *-(ē)tum in acētum (“vinegar”), borrowed as South Slavic *ocьtъ.

Suffix

*-ьtъ m

From basic roots, forms onomatopoeic event nouns (in 0-grade)
Synonyms: *-pъ, *-kъ, *-skъ, *-otъ
*skrьžьtъ (“grinding of teeth, sorrow”) ← *skrьžiti (“to scratch, to gnash one's teeth”)
*klьčьtъ (“clatter of teeth, screech”) (along with *klekotъ) ← *klekati (“to cry, to clatter”)
From nouns (or corresponding verbs), forms expressive synonyms of the original noun (in 0-grade)
*xrьbьtъ (“ditch, tooth”) ← *xribъ (“hill”)
*mьčьta (“dream”) ← *mikъ (“tremble, vibration, shimmer”)

Alternative forms

*-ьta f

Related terms

*-itъ (adjective-forming)
*-otъ m, *-ota f
*-ъtъ
*-ъtь

Declension

Declension of *-ьtъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*-ьtъ	*-ьta	*-ьti
Accusative	*-ьtъ	*-ьta	*-ьty
Genitive	*-ьta	*-ьtu	*-ьtъ
Locative	*-ьtě	*-ьtu	*-ьtěxъ
Dative	*-ьtu	*-ьtoma	*-ьtomъ
Instrumental	-ьtъmь, -ьtomь^*	*-ьtoma	*-ьty
Vocative	*-ьte	*-ьta	*-ьti

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьtъ

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьta

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mьčьta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 21 (*mъrskovatъjь – *nadějьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 90
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xrьbьtъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 107