< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žely
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *žьlva f, *žьlvъ m
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʰelu-, *gʰelew- ,*gʰelōw- (“tortoise, turtle-like animals”). Compare Ancient Greek χέλυς (khélus, “tortoise”).
Noun
*želỳ f[1]
- turtle, tortoise
Inflection
Declension of *želỳ (v-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *želỳ | *želъ̀vi | *želъ̀vi |
| Accusative | *želъ̀vь | *želъ̀vi | *želъ̀vi |
| Genitive | *želъ̀ve | *želъ̀vu | *želъ̀vъ |
| Locative | *želъ̀ve | *želъ̀vu | *želъ̀vьxъ, *želъ̀vaxъ* |
| Dative | *želъ̀vi | *želъ̀vьma, *želъ̀vama* | *želъ̀vьmъ, *želъ̀vamъ* |
| Instrumental | *želъ̀vьjǫ, *želъ̀vľǭ** | *želъ̀vьma, *želъ̀vama* | *želъ̀vьmī, *želъ̀vamī* |
| Vocative | *želỳ | *želъ̀vi | *želъ̀vi |
* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: желва (želva), желвъ (želvŭ), жолвъ (žolvŭ, “turtle; hedgehog”)
- Old Ruthenian: желва (želva), желвъ (želv), желъвъ (želv), жолвъ (žolv), жꙋлвъ (žulv, “turtle; seashell”)[2]
- Ukrainian: желв (želv) (archaic, rare)
- Russian: желвь (želvʹ), жолвь (žolvʹ) (obsolete, rare)
- Old Ruthenian: желва (želva), желвъ (želv), желъвъ (želv), жолвъ (žolv), жꙋлвъ (žulv, “turtle; seashell”)[2]
- Old East Slavic: желва (želva), желвъ (želvŭ), жолвъ (žolvŭ, “turtle; hedgehog”)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: же́лва (žélva); жъ́лва (žǎ́lva) (dialectal)
- Church Slavonic: желы (žely), желъве (želŭve) (Russian)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: же̑лва̄ (“sea turtle”)
- Latin: žȇlvā (“sea turtle”)
- ⇒ Cyrillic: же̑љка
- ⇒ Latin: žȇljka
- Slovene: žẹ́lva
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: želva (“tortoise, turtle, terrapin; old woman”)
- Old Polish: żółw
- Polish: żółw m
- Slovak: želva
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: žołw
- ⇒ Upper Sorbian: žołwja, želwja
Further reading
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “желв”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 192
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žely II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 557
- Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2002), “желва / желвъ”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), issue 9 (дѣдичъ – загонити), Lviv: Krypiakevych I.U.S., →ISBN, page 139