Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ščuka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Further etymology is unknown. Some linguists suggest origin from Proto-Indo-European *skew-, with determinative *-k-.[1][2] However compare with the Polish name for the pike, newly formed in the 17th-century, szczupak, derived from szczupać (“to pinch”), by comparison with which one derives *ščuka too as deverbal from *ščukati (“to pinch”) – named after the fish’s predatory behaviour.[3] But note the Proto-Finnic borrowing *hauki, which attests to the great age of this derivation.

Noun

*ščùka f[4]

pike (fish)

Declension

Declension of *ščùka (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ščùka	*ščùcě	*ščùky
Accusative	*ščùkǫ	*ščùcě	*ščùky
Genitive	*ščùky	*ščùku	*ščùkъ
Locative	*ščùcě	*ščùku	ščùkasъ, ščùkaxъ^*
Dative	*ščùcě	*ščùkama	*ščùkamъ
Instrumental	ščùkojǫ, ščùkǭ^**	*ščùkama	*ščùkamī
Vocative	*ščùko	*ščùcě	*ščùky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic:
  - Old Ruthenian: щꙋ́ка (ščúka)
    - Rusyn: щу́ка (ščúka)
    - Ukrainian: щу́ка (ščúka); щю́ка (ščjúka) (dialectal)
  - Russian: щу́ка (ščúka)
- Old Novgorodian: щюка (ščjuka)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: щу́ка (štúka)
- Macedonian: шту́ка (štúka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: шту̏ка
  Latin: štȕka
- Slovene: ščúka (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: ščuka
  - Czech: štika
- Kashubian: szczëka
- Polabian: sťauko
- Old Polish: szczuka
- Slovak: šťuka
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: šćuk m
  - Upper Sorbian: šćuka

Non-Slavic:
- → Hungarian: csuka
- → Romanian: știucă

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “щу́ка”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Toporov, Vladimir N.; Trubachyov, Oleg N. (1962) Lingvisticheskiy analiz gidronimov Verkhnego Podneprovya‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, page 246
Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “szczupak”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 599
Olander, Thomas (2001), “ščuka”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; RPT 109)”

[1] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “щу́ка”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

[2] Toporov, Vladimir N.; Trubachyov, Oleg N. (1962) Lingvisticheskiy analiz gidronimov Verkhnego Podneprovya‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Publishing house of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, page 246

[3] Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “szczupak”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 599

[4] Olander, Thomas (2001), “ščuka”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 132; RPT 109)”