< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/śědъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From pre-Slavic *xoidъ, probably an amalgamation of Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“gray”) and Proto-Slavic *blědъ (“pale”)[1]. Alternatively, continuing Proto-Indo-European *sḱeyd- (“to shade”), an extension of *(s)ḱeh₃y- (“to shade”) or less likely *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shimmer”).
Adjective
*śědъ
- gray
Alternative forms
- *xědъ[2][3] (pre second palatalization)
Declension
Indefinite declension of *śědъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *śědъ | *śěda | *śědo |
| Accusative | *śědъ | *śědǫ | *śědo |
| Genitive | *śěda | *śědy | *śěda |
| Locative | *śědě | *śědě | *śědě |
| Dative | *śědu | *śědě | *śědu |
| Instrumental | *śědomь | *śědojǫ | *śědomь |
| Vocative | *śěde | *śědo | *śědo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *śěda | *śědě | *śědě |
| Accusative | *śěda | *śědě | *śědě |
| Genitive | *śědu | *śědu | *śědu |
| Locative | *śědu | *śědu | *śědu |
| Dative | *śědoma | *śědama | *śědoma |
| Instrumental | *śědoma | *śědama | *śědoma |
| Vocative | *śěda | *śědě | *śědě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *śědi | *śědy | *śěda |
| Accusative | *śědy | *śědy | *śěda |
| Genitive | *śědъ | *śědъ | *śědъ |
| Locative | *śěděxъ | *śědaxъ | *śěděxъ |
| Dative | *śědomъ | *śědamъ | *śědomъ |
| Instrumental | *śědy | *śědami | *śědy |
| Vocative | *śědi | *śědy | *śěda |
Definite declension of *śědъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *śědъjь | *śědaja | *śědoje |
| Accusative | *śědъjь | *śědǫjǫ | *śědoje |
| Genitive | *śědajego | *śědyję | *śědajego |
| Locative | *śědějemь | *śěději | *śědějemь |
| Dative | *śědujemu | *śěději | *śědujemu |
| Instrumental | *śědyjimi | *śědǫjǫ | *śědyjimi |
| Vocative | *śědъjь | *śědaja | *śědoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *śědaja | *śěději | *śěději |
| Accusative | *śědaja | *śěději | *śěději |
| Genitive | *śěduju | *śěduju | *śěduju |
| Locative | *śěduju | *śěduju | *śěduju |
| Dative | *śědyjima | *śědyjima | *śědyjima |
| Instrumental | *śědyjima | *śědyjima | *śědyjima |
| Vocative | *śědaja | *śěději | *śěději |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *śědiji | *śědyję | *śědaja |
| Accusative | *śědyję | *śědyję | *śědaja |
| Genitive | *śědъjixъ | *śědъjixъ | *śědъjixъ |
| Locative | *śědyjixъ | *śědyjixъ | *śědyjixъ |
| Dative | *śědyjimъ | *śědyjimъ | *śědyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *śědyjimi | *śědyjimi | *śědyjimi |
| Vocative | *śědiji | *śědyję | *śědaja |
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ | *sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ/*smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ, (of animals) *gnědъ | *žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѣдъ (sědŭ)
- Russian: седо́й (sedój)
- Ukrainian: сіди́й (sidýj)
- Old Novgorodian: хѣде (xěde)
- Old East Slavic: сѣдъ (sědŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: сѣдъ (sědŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱄⱑⰴⱏ (sědŭ)
- Macedonian: сед (sed)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: се̑д, Cyrillic: сије̑д
- Latin: sȇd, Latin: sijȇd
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: šědý
- Czech: šedý
- Old Polish: szad
- Polish: szady
- Slovak: šedivý
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: šeźiwy
- Upper Sorbian: šedźiwy
- Old Czech: šědý
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “седой”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*haira-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “xědъ xěda xědo”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c gråhåret (SA 109; PR 138)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “ser”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*xě̑dъ”