< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew-.
Verb
*řuti[1][2][3]
- to roar
Inflection
The original inflection appears to have e-grade in the infinitive and o-grade in the present. In some descendants, this alternation was levelled, either by replacing the present stem with the e-grade *rev-, or the infinitive stem with the o-grade *ru-.
Conjugation of *řuti, *řu, *rovetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *řutьje | *řuti | *řutъ | *řulъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *řutъ | *rovomъ |
| Active | *rovъ | *rovy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *řuxъ | *řu | *řu | *rovǫ | *roveši | *rovetь |
| Dual | *řuxově | *řusta | *řuste | *rovevě | *roveta | *rovete |
| Plural | *řuxomъ | *řuste | *řušę | *rovemъ | *rovete | *rovǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *rověaxъ | *rověaše | *rověaše | — | *rovi | *rovi |
| Dual | *rověaxově | *rověašeta | *rověašete | *rověvě | *rověta | — |
| Plural | *rověaxomъ | *rověašete | *rověaxǫ | *rověmъ | *rověte | — |
Alternative forms
- *ruti
Derived terms
- *rujьnъ
- *rujьe
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: рюти (rjuti), рꙋти (ruti)
- Belarusian: раўці́ (raŭcí)
- Russian: реве́ть (revétʹ)
- Ukrainian: реві́ти (revíty), ревти́ (revtý)
- Old East Slavic: рюти (rjuti), рꙋти (ruti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: роути (ruti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Church Slavonic: рюти (rjuti)
- Bulgarian: рева́ (revá)
- Macedonian: реве (reve)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: рѐвати
- Latin: rèvati
- Chakavian (Vrgada): rovȁti
- Slovene: rjúti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: řúti
- Czech: řvát
- Old Polish: rzuć, rzwieć
- Polish: rzuć
- Slovak: revať
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: ruć
- Old Czech: řúti
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “реве́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 103
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “реву́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ŗuti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 436: “v. ‘roar’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “rjuti: rovǫ (revǫ) rovetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 237f.; PR 139)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “rjúti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*r'űti, sed. *rȍvǫ (sekundarno tudi nedol. *rűti in sed. *r'ȅvǫ)”