< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čьrvь
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
| PIE word |
|---|
| *kʷŕ̥mis |
From Pre-Slavic *kírwis, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kírmis, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷŕ̥mis (“worm”).
Noun
*čь̃rvь or *čь̑rvь m[1][2]
- worm, larva
Declension
Declension of *čь̃rvь (i-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čь̃rvь | *čьrvì | *čь̃rvьjē, *čь̃rvľē* |
| Accusative | *čь̃rvь | *čьrvì | *čьrvì |
| Genitive | *čь̃rvi | *čь̃rvьju, *čьrvľu* | *čьrvь̀jь, *čь̃rvi* |
| Locative | *čь̃rvi | *čь̃rvьju, *čьrvľu* | *čьrvь̀xъ |
| Dative | *čьrvì | *čь̃rvьma | *čьrvь̀mъ |
| Instrumental | *čьrvь̀mь | *čь̃rvьma | *čь̃rvьmī |
| Vocative | *čьrvi | *čьrvì | *čь̃rvьjē, *čь̃rvľē* |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Declension of *čь̑rvь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čь̑rvь | *čь̑rvi | *čь̑rvьjē, *čь̑rvľē* |
| Accusative | *čь̑rvь | *čь̑rvi | *čь̑rvi |
| Genitive | *čьrví | *čьrvьjù, *čьrvľu* | *čьrvь̀jь |
| Locative | *čьrví | *čьrvьjù, *čьrvľu* | *čь̑rvьxъ |
| Dative | *čь̑rvi | *čьrvьmà | *čь̑rvьmъ |
| Instrumental | *čь̑rvьmь | *čьrvьmà | *čьrvьmì |
| Vocative | *čьrvi | *čь̑rvi | *čь̑rvьjē, *čь̑rvľē* |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *čьrviti (“to crush worms; to blush”)
- *čьrvenъ, *čьrvjenъ (“red”)
- *čьrvěti (“to be red”)
- *čьrvivъ, *čьrvavъ (“reddish”)
- *čьrvьjь, *čьrvьcь m, *čьrvica f (diminutives)
- *čьrvakъ (augmenative)
- *čьrva (“wormhole”)
- *čьrvatъ (“plagued by worms”)
Related terms
- *čьrmь (“creep”)
- *čьrtъ (“evil demon”) (possibly)
- *čьrvъ (“sickle”)
- *červo (“gut”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: чарвя́к (čarvják)
- Russian: червь (červʹ), червя́к (červják)
- Ukrainian: черв'я́к (červʺják)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: чрьвь (črĭvĭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱍⱃⱐⰲⱐ (črĭvĭ)
- Bulgarian: че́рвей (čérvej)
- Macedonian: црв (crv)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: цр̑в
- Latin: cȓv
- Slovene: čȓv (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: črv
- Czech: červ
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): červ
- Czech: červ
- Polabian: carv
- Polish: czerw
- Slovak: červ
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: čerw
- Lower Sorbian: cerw
- Old Czech: črv
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьrvь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 4 (*čaběniti – *děl’a), Moscow: Nauka, page 171
- Verweij, Arno (1994), “Quantity Patterns of Substantives in Czech and Slovak”, in Dutch Contributions to the Eleventh International Congress of Slavists, Bratislava (Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics), volume 22, Editions Rodopi B.V., page 539
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čьrvь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 93: “m. i ‘worm, maggot’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “čьrvь čьrvi”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 21); c (PR 138)”