< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čьrta
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
- Derksen: from *krt.
- Černyx: from *kirt-ā, from Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker-t-
Compare Sanskrit कृता (kṛtā).
Noun
*čьrtà f[1][2][3]
- line
Inflection
Declension of *čьrtà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *čьrtà | *čь̃rtě | *čьrtỳ |
Accusative | *čьrtǫ̀ | *čь̃rtě | *čьrtỳ |
Genitive | *čьrtỳ | *čьrtù | *čь̃rtъ |
Locative | *čьrtě̀ | *čьrtù | *čьrtàsъ, *čьrtàxъ* |
Dative | *čьrtě̀ | *čьrtàma | *čьrtàmъ |
Instrumental | *čьrtòjǫ, *čь̃rtǫ** | *čьrtàma | *čьrtàmī |
Vocative | *čьrto | *čь̃rtě | *čьrtỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
- *čerslo (“loin”)
- *čersti (“to carve, slash”)
- *čersъ / *čerzъ (“over, through”)
- *čьrkati
- *čьrtъ (“devil, demon”)
- *kortъ (“once, time”)
- *kortъkъ (“short”)
- *kъrtiti (“to peck”)
Derived terms
- *čьrtati
- *čьrtadlo
- *čьrtiti
- *čьrtežь
Descendants
- East Slavic: чьрта (čĭrta), чрьта (črĭta), черта (čerta)
- Belarusian: черта́ (čjertá)
- Russian: черта́ (čertá)
- Ukrainian: черта́ (čertá)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: чрьта (črĭta)
- Glagolitic: ⱍⱃⱐⱅⰰ (črĭta)
- Bulgarian: черта́ (čertá), чърта́ (čǎrtá)
- Macedonian: цр́та (cŕta)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: цр̏та
- Latin: cȑta
- Slovene: čŕta (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: črta
- Slovak: črta
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “черта”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “черта”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьrta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 161
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čьrtà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 93: “f. ā (b) ‘line’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “čьrta čьrty”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b line (NA 90; SA 20; PR 135)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “čŕta”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*čьrta̋”