Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čersъ

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čersъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)kersas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kert-. Cognate with Latvian šķērss (“transverse, cross”), Lithuanian sker̃sas (“transverse, cross”), Old Prussian kērscha, kirscha (“transverse, cross”).

Preposition

*čersъ[1][2]

1. over, through

Alternative forms

• *čerzъ (later form, influenced by words like *vъz, *jьz)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: чересъ (čeresŭ), черосъ (čerosŭ), черезъ (čerezŭ)
    • Belarusian: чэраз (čeraz)
    • Russian: че́рез (čérez)
    • Ukrainian: через (čerez)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: чрѣсъ (črěsŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⱍⱃⱑⱄⱏ (črěsŭ)

    • Bulgarian: чрез (črez)
    • → Russian: чрез (črez)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (archaic)

    Cyrillic: чре̏з

    Latin: črȅz

  • Slovene: črez

Etymology 2

Possibly related to the preposition above, to *čerslo (“thighs”), and to Proto-Celtic *krissus (“belt”).

Noun

*čersъ m

1. leather belt with purse for money, bysack-girdle, money belt

Declension

Declension of *čersъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*čersъ	*čersa	*čersi
Accusative	*čersъ	*čersa	*čersy
Genitive	*čersa	*čersu	*čersъ
Locative	*čersě	*čersu	*čersěxъ
Dative	*čersu	*čersoma	*čersomъ
Instrumental	*čersъmь, *čersomь*	*čersoma	*čersy
Vocative	*čerse	*čersa	*čersi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: чересъ (čeresŭ)
    • Russian: че́рез (čérez), че́рес (čéres), че́реслъ (čéresl), че́реселъ (čéresel)
    • Ukrainian: че́рес (čéres)
• South Slavic:
  • ⇒ Russian Church Slavonic: чресленикъ (čreslenikŭ)
    • → Russian: чре́сленник (čréslennik)
• West Slavic:
  • Kashubian: třos
  • Old Polish: czrzos
    • Polish: trzos
  • Slovak: čeres

Further reading

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “trzos”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 651
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “че́рез”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čersъ; *čerzъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85: “prep. ‘over, through’”
2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “čersъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “(prep. and prefix) (PR 146)”