< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zěvati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Cognates include Lithuanian žióvauti, Latvian žàvât, Old High German giwēn, gewōn. See *zijati for more cognates.
Verb
zěvàti
- to yawn
Inflection
Conjugation of *zěvati, *zěva, *zěvajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *zěvanьje | *zěvati | *zěvatъ | *zěvalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *zěvanъ | *zěvajemъ |
| Active | *zěvavъ | *zěvaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zěvaxъ | *zěva | *zěva | *zěvajǫ | *zěvaješi | *zěvajetь |
| Dual | *zěvaxově | *zěvasta | *zěvaste | *zěvajevě | *zěvajeta | *zěvajete |
| Plural | *zěvaxomъ | *zěvaste | *zěvašę | *zěvajemъ | *zěvajete | *zěvajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *zěvaaxъ | *zěvaaše | *zěvaaše | — | *zěvaji | *zěvaji |
| Dual | *zěvaaxově | *zěvaašeta | *zěvaašete | *zěvajivě | *zěvajita | — |
| Plural | *zěvaaxomъ | *zěvaašete | *zěvaaxǫ | *zěvajimъ | *zěvajite | — |
Related terms
- *zijati (“to gape”)
- *zìnǫti (“to gape”)
Descendants
- Church Slavic: зѣвати (zěvati) (Russian)
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: зява́ць (zjavácʹ)
- Russian: зева́ть (zevátʹ), 1sg. зева́ю (zeváju)
- Ukrainian: зіва́ти (ziváty)
- South Slavic:
- ⇒ Bulgarian: прозя̀вам (prozjàvam)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: зѐвати
- Latin: zèvati
- Chakavian (Vrgada): zīhȁti, 2sg. zĩšeš
- Chakavian (Orbanići): zⁱehȁt, 1sg. zⁱẽšen
- Slovene: zẹ́vati (tonal orthography), 1sg. zẹ́vam (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: zievati
- Czech: zívat
- Polish: ziewać
- Slovak: zívať
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: zywać
- Old Czech: zievati
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 542
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “зевать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress