< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zveno
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *zъveno (Smoczyński)
Etymology
Dubious. At a surface level, resembles an instrumental noun of hypothetical *zuti ~ *zъvati + *-eno, however, no attested root with this structure correlates semantically with *zveno. Proposed alternatives within the scholarly discourse include:
- Per Mikkola: Metathesis of an earlier *zenvo (or perhaps *znevo) from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu ~ *ǵnéws (“knee”).
- Per Vaillant, Smoczyński: Perhaps a substantivation of a relic adjective *zy (“fish”) (unattested) + *-enъ, near cognate with Lithuanian žuvìnis (“of fish”), žvýnė (“fish dish”), Latvian zviņi (“of fish”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰu-).
Noun
*zvenò n[1]
- junction, nexus, link (East, South Slavic)
- wheel rim (West Slavic)
Inflection
Declension of *zvenò (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *zvenò | *zvèně | *zvenà |
Accusative | *zvenò | *zvèně | *zvenà |
Genitive | *zvenà | *zvenù | *zvènъ |
Locative | *zveně̀ | *zvenù | *zvèněxъ |
Dative | *zvenù | *zvenòma | *zvenòmъ |
Instrumental | *zvenъ̀mь, *zvenòmь* | *zvenòma | *zvèny |
Vocative | *zvenò | *zvèně | *zvenà |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
In Polabian:
Declension of *zveno (s-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *zveno | *zvenèsi | *zvenèsā |
Accusative | *zveno | *zvenèsi | *zvenèsā |
Genitive | *zvenèse | *zvenèsu | *zvenèsъ |
Locative | *zvenèse | *zvenèsu | *zvenèsьxъ |
Dative | *zvenèsi | *zvenèsьma | *zvenèsьmъ |
Instrumental | *zvenèsьmь | *zvenèsьma | *zvenèsȳ |
Vocative | *zveno | *zvenèsi | *zvenèsā |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: звено́ (zvenó)
- Ukrainian: звено́ (zvenó)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: звено́ (zvenó) (possibly a Russian borrowing)
- West Slavic:
- Polabian: zvenü
- Old Polish: zwono
- Polish: dzwono, dzwonko (pl)
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: zwjeno
- Upper Sorbian: zwjeno
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “звено”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “звено”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 622
- “žuvis”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “zveno”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b lem; hjulfælg (PR 135)”