Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zamъkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *za- (“for”) +‎ *mъkъ, action noun of Proto-Slavic *zamъknǫti (“to pull up, to drag”).

In most modern languages, the descendant of this lemma conveys the meaning castle, which is a late calque of German Schloss, itself a calque of Latin clūsa.

Noun

*zamъkъ m

lock
Synonym: *bьrava
snare, knot (that locks)

Alternative forms

*zamъka f

Declension

Declension of *zamъkъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*zamъkъ	*zamъka	*zamъci
Accusative	*zamъkъ	*zamъka	*zamъky
Genitive	*zamъka	*zamъku	*zamъkъ
Locative	*zamъcě	*zamъku	*zamъcěxъ
Dative	*zamъku	*zamъkoma	*zamъkomъ
Instrumental	zamъkъmь, zamъkomь^*	*zamъkoma	*zamъky
Vocative	*zamъče	*zamъka	*zamъci

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

*primъka (“snare, loop”)
*promъka (“thread”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: замъкъ (zamŭkŭ)
  - Old Ruthenian: замо́къ (zamók)
    - Belarusian: замо́к (zamók)
    - Ukrainian: замо́к (zamók)
  - Russian: замо́к (zamók)
- Old Novgorodian: ꙁамъке (zamŭke)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: за́мек (zámek) (dialectal, dated)
- Macedonian: замка (zamka)
- ⇒ Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: за̑мка
  Latin: zȃmka
- ⇒ Slovene: zȃnka (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: zámek
  - Czech: zámek
    - Bohemian (Chod dialect): zámek
- Old Polish: zamek
  - Polish: zamek
    - → Belarusian: за́мак (zámak)
    - → Russian: за́мок (zámok)
      - → Bulgarian: замък (zamǎk)
      - → Serbo-Croatian: замак
      - → Macedonian: замок (zamok)
    - → Ukrainian: за́мок (zámok)
- Slovak: zámok