< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xorniti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Denominative verb from *xorna (“food, fodder”).
- Per Derksen, possibly a borrowing from Iranian (compare Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛarəna, “food”).
- Per Vasmer, related to Latin servō (“to save”) (infinitive servāre), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬉 (haraitē, “to beware, to take care”), 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (hauruuaiti, “to guard”); the connection with Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀 (xᵛarəna, “food”) is "difficult".
Verb
*xorniti
- to feed
- to protect
Inflection
Conjugation of *xorniti, *xorni, *xornitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *xorňenьje | *xorniti | *xornitъ | *xornilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *xorňenъ | *xornimъ |
| Active | *xorňь | *xornę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *xornixъ | *xorni | *xorni | *xorňǫ | *xorniši | *xornitь |
| Dual | *xornixově | *xornista | *xorniste | *xornivě | *xornita | *xornite |
| Plural | *xornixomъ | *xorniste | *xornišę | *xornimъ | *xornite | *xornętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *xorňaaxъ | *xorňaaše | *xorňaaše | — | *xorni | *xorni |
| Dual | *xorňaaxově | *xorňaašeta | *xorňaašete | *xornivě | *xornita | — |
| Plural | *xorňaaxomъ | *xorňaašete | *xorňaaxǫ | *xornimъ | *xornite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*xornivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *xorna (“food, fodder”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: хоронити (xoroniti) (11th century)
- Belarusian: харані́ць (xaranícʹ)
- Russian: хорони́ть (xoronítʹ)
- Ukrainian: хорони́ти (xoronýty)
- Old East Slavic: хоронити (xoroniti) (11th century)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: хранити (xraniti)
- Glagolitic: ⱈⱃⰰⱀⰻⱅⰻ (xraniti)
- → Russian: храни́ть (xranítʹ)
- Bulgarian: хра́ня (hránja)
- Macedonian: храни (hrani)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: хра́нити
- Latin: hrániti
- Chakavian (Vrgada): hrå̄nȉti (“to feed, to save”), 2sg. hrãnīš
- Chakavian (Orbanići): hrānȉt (“to feed, to nourish”), 1sg. hrãnin
- Slovene: hrániti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: chrániti
- Czech: chránit
- Polabian: xornĕ (“to feed”, 3sg.)
- Old Polish: chronić
- Polish: chronić
- Slovak: chrániť (“to defend, to protect, to preserve”)
- Slovincian: χrʉ̀ɵ̯ńĭc (“to protect”)
- Old Czech: chrániti
- → Romanian: hrăni (“to feed”)
References
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “храни́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 354
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*xorniti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 205
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xorniti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 78
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “хоро́на”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress