< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vьrgati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Factitive-iterative counterpart to *vergti + *-ati.
Verb
*vьrgati impf
- Alternative form of *vergti (“to cast, to throw”)
Alternative forms
- *vьrdzati (with third (progressive) palatalization)
Conjugation
Conjugation of *vьrgati, *vьrga, *vьrgajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *vьrganьje | *vьrgati | *vьrgatъ | *vьrgalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *vьrganъ | *vьrgajemъ |
| Active | *vьrgavъ | *vьrgaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *vьrgaxъ | *vьrga | *vьrga | *vьrgajǫ | *vьrgaješi | *vьrgajetь |
| Dual | *vьrgaxově | *vьrgasta | *vьrgaste | *vьrgajevě | *vьrgajeta | *vьrgajete |
| Plural | *vьrgaxomъ | *vьrgaste | *vьrgašę | *vьrgajemъ | *vьrgajete | *vьrgajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *vьrgaaxъ | *vьrgaaše | *vьrgaaše | — | *vьrgaji | *vьrgaji |
| Dual | *vьrgaaxově | *vьrgaašeta | *vьrgaašete | *vьrgajivě | *vьrgajita | — |
| Plural | *vьrgaaxomъ | *vьrgaašete | *vьrgaaxǫ | *vьrgajimъ | *vьrgajite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old Belarusian: вергати (verhati)
- Belarusian: вірга́цца (virhácca) (dialectal)
- Russian: верга́ть (vergátʹ) (usually with prefixes); верза́ти (verzáti) (obsolete, XVI cent.)
- Ukrainian: ве́рга́ти (vérháty)
- Old Belarusian: вергати (verhati)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: въ́ргам (vǎ́rgam) (dialectal)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: vrhat (< earlier vrci)
- Polish: wierzgać
- Slovak: vrhať
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: wierhać
- Lower Sorbian: wiergaś
Further reading
- Anikin, A. E. (2012), “вергать”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 269
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982), “вергати”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – Г), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 352
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “въргам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 210